Metal Boride OER Electrode for Stable Low-Overpotential Electrolysis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) suffer from sluggish kinetics and limited stability, leading to overpotential loss over time, and existing methods for producing electrodes are not flexible.

Innovation Solution

An electrode comprising a metal boride electrocatalyst with a composition of at least one element M1 (Ti, Zr, Hf) and one element M2 (Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt), with M2 content exceeding 10 atomic %, and a method involving melting and homogenization annealing to produce a robust and active electrocatalyst.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional electrocatalysts are used for OER, then hydrogen production can be achieved, but the kinetics are sluggish and stability is limited leading to overpotential loss

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovestabilityVSAvoidoverpotential loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs intermetallic compounds containing transition metals (Hf1-xTMxB2 and Zr1-xTMxB2 where TM = Co, Ni) as electrocatalysts. These composite materials combine different metallic elements to achieve synergistic effects that improve both stability and reduce overpotential loss during OER, directly addressing the technical contradiction between reliability and energy loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the compositional parameters by varying the atomic ratio of transition metals (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) in the intermetallic compounds. This parameter optimization enables fine-tuning of catalytic activity and stability, resolving the contradiction between maintaining reliability and minimizing overpotential loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If drop-casting method is used to prepare electrodes, then electrode fabrication is simple, but manufacturing precision and homogeneity are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefabrication simplicityVSAvoidelectrocatalyst homogeneity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the electrocatalyst material from ink formulations and prepares it as solid intermetallic compounds with defined stoichiometry. This eliminates the need for drop-casting and drying processes, thereby removing the source of homogeneity issues while maintaining ease of manufacture through direct solid-state preparation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent achieves homogeneous electrocatalyst distribution by synthesizing intermetallic compounds with precise atomic ratios through solid-state reactions. The uniform crystal structure and consistent composition throughout the material ensure homogeneous catalytic activity, directly resolving the manufacturing precision issue associated with drop-casting methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The electrode demonstrates excellent activity and durability in electrocatalytic reactions, with minimal overpotential loss even at high current densities, and the production method offers flexibility and high homogeneity of the electrocatalyst.

Implementation Method 1

The significant challenge stems from the sluggish kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Therefore, the development of robust and active OER electrocatalysts is crucial.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrocatalysis: Catalysis

Implementation Method 2

a method involving melting and homogenization annealing to produce a robust and active electrocatalyst

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnnealing: Annealing

Data Source

PatentEP4495290A1Electrode, electrolyzer, production method and use of electrode
Publication Date: 2025.01.22 MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV
  • EP4495290A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4495290A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4495290A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The present invention relates to an electrode comprising or consisting of an electrocatalyst, the electrocatalyst comprising a metal boride, wherein the metal boride comprises at least one element M1 selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, and at least one element M2 selected from Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir and Pt; and the metal boride contains more than 10 atomic % of M2. The present invention also provides an electrode obtainable by subjecting the electrode to an electrocatalytic reaction. It also relates to an electrolyzer comprising said electrode. It is also concerned with a method for producing an electrode, and use of an electrode in an electrocatalytic reaction.