Metal Coordination Complex Vertical Dipole Ratio OLED Emitter
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional OLEDs face limitations in achieving high efficiency due to the conventional design favoring horizontally aligned emitters, which contradicts the desired high degree of plasmon coupling for improved efficiency, and there is a need for phosphorescent emitters with highly vertically aligned transition dipole moments (TDMs) to enhance plasmonic OLED performance.
Innovation Solution
Development of metal coordination complex compounds with a vertical dipole ratio (VDR) greater than 0.33, designed to function as emitters in OLEDs, facilitating high vertical TDM alignment through molecular design, thereby increasing plasmon coupling efficiency in plasmonic OLEDs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If conventional OLED design with horizontally aligned emitters is used, then device simplicity is maintained, but plasmon coupling efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the molecular structure of phosphorescent emitters to achieve vertical dipole alignment. Specifically, the metal coordination complex compounds are designed with ligands and coordination geometries that orient the transition dipole moments vertically, changing the key parameter of dipole orientation from horizontal to vertical to enhance plasmon coupling efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by creating metal coordination complex compounds that combine a central metal ion (such as iridium) with specifically designed organic ligands. This composite structure allows the metal center to provide phosphorescent properties while the ligand architecture controls the dipole orientation, achieving both high efficiency and vertical alignment
2Productivity
If metal coordination complex compounds with high VDR are used, then plasmon coupling efficiency is enhanced, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by designing ligands with specific functional groups and structural features at particular positions to control the local electronic environment and steric constraints around the metal center. This localized structural control ensures vertical dipole orientation without requiring complete redesign of the entire device architecture
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs segmentation by dividing the metal coordination complex into distinct functional components: the metal center provides phosphorescent emission, while separate ligand modules control orientation and stability. This modular approach allows independent optimization of each component and simplifies the overall manufacturing process
3Speed
If vertically aligned TDM emitters are implemented, then plasmon coupling rate increases, but device structure complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by designing metal coordination complex compounds that inherently self-align vertically through their molecular structure. The ligand field geometry and steric constraints built into the molecular design automatically orient the transition dipole moments vertically without requiring external alignment fields or complex device structuring
Solution Approach 2:
The patent inverts the conventional approach by instead of trying to align horizontal dipoles through device structuring, the invention designs molecules with vertical dipoles from the ground up. This inversion of the dipole orientation strategy simplifies the overall system by making molecular design the primary control mechanism rather than device architecture
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of metal coordination complex compounds with high VDR enhances the efficiency of plasmonic OLEDs by increasing the rate of plasmon coupling, improving light outcoupling and minimizing efficiency loss mechanisms like waveguiding and plasmon coupling.
Implementation Method 1
For OLEDs, the organic materials may have performance advantages over conventional materials. OLEDs make use of thin organic films that emit light when voltage is applied across the device. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a metal coordination complex compound, wherein the metal complex compound is capable of functioning as an emitter in an OLED at room temperature
Implementation Method 2
In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a metal coordination complex compound, wherein the metal complex compound is capable of functioning as an emitter in an OLED at room temperature, and wherein the metal complex compound has a vertical dipole ratio (VDR) greater than 0.33 in the OLED. In some OLED applications, phosphorescent emitters with highly vertically aligned transition dipole moments (TDMs) are desirable. For instance, in a plasmonic OLED, where a high degree of in-coupling of excited states to the metal plasmon mode yields higher efficiency
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a metal coordination complex compound. The metal complex compound is capable of functioning as an emitter in an organic light emitting device (OLED) at room temperature, and has a vertical dipole ratio (VDR) greater than 0.33 in the OLED. Formulations, OLEDs, and consumer products including the same are also provided.