Metal-Oxygen Battery Electrolyte Replacement for Aircraft Power

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Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft and spacecraft require reliable and efficient storage and recharging of electrical energy to prevent overheating and ensure sufficient power for propulsion and payload, while existing battery technologies face challenges with high energy density, temperature control, and fire safety.

Innovation Solution

Integration of metal-oxygen batteries with a configuration that allows for easy replacement of the electrolyte and anode, facilitating mechanical recharging to maintain high energy density and reduce fire risk, using environmentally friendly substances and a design that integrates the battery into structural components for weight and space efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If metal-oxygen batteries are used to achieve high energy density, then the electrical energy storage capacity is improved, but the risk of overheating and fire increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical energy storage capacityVSAvoidoverheating and fire risk
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The battery system is divided into multiple individual battery cells instead of using a single large battery. Each cell can be independently monitored and managed, allowing for better thermal control and preventing catastrophic failure across the entire system. The patent describes configuring the aircraft with multiple battery cells that can be separately maintained and replaced.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs battery management systems that continuously monitor and adjust operating parameters such as temperature, voltage, and current. By dynamically changing these parameters based on real-time conditions, the system optimizes energy storage while preventing overheating and fire hazards.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Use of energy by moving object

If lithium-ion batteries with high energy density are used, then the power requirements are met, but considerable efforts are required for temperature control

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower requirementsVSAvoidtemperature control efforts
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The metal-oxygen battery system is designed to be partially self-regulating regarding temperature. The electrochemical reactions in metal-oxygen batteries inherently generate less heat than lithium-ion batteries, and the system incorporates passive thermal management features that reduce the need for active cooling systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

By dividing the battery into multiple smaller cells, the surface area to volume ratio increases, improving natural heat dissipation. This segmentation reduces the complexity of active temperature control systems while still meeting power requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Use of energy by moving object

If metal-oxygen batteries are used to achieve high energy density, then the payload capacity is improved, but the electrolyte requires regular replacement to maintain performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy densityVSAvoidelectrolyte replacement frequency
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSEase of repair

Solution Approach 1:

The battery system is configured as multiple modular cells, each with its own electrolyte. This allows for selective replacement of only the cells that require maintenance, rather than replacing the entire battery system. The patent describes how individual cells can be accessed and serviced independently.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent incorporates design features that allow for easy access and replacement of electrolyte in individual cells. Pre-configured access points, removable components, and standardized interfaces are built into the battery system to facilitate routine maintenance without requiring complex disassembly procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Device complexity

If conventional battery systems are used, then the aircraft structure is simpler, but the weight and space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaircraft structureVSAvoidbattery weight and space
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent describes integrating the battery system with the aircraft structure, where battery cells are positioned within the aircraft airframe in a way that utilizes existing structural spaces. This merging of battery housing with aircraft structure eliminates redundant components and reduces overall weight while maintaining structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The battery system is designed to serve multiple functions: primary electrical power storage, structural reinforcement of the aircraft airframe, and thermal management through integration with cooling systems. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components, thereby reducing weight and space requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a reliable, safe, and efficient method for storing and recharging electrical energy, reducing the risk of fire and toxic components, while enhancing energy density and environmental sustainability, and allowing for easy maintenance and integration into aircraft structures.

Implementation Method 1

A metal-air battery comprising a metal electrode as an anode, an air electrode as a cathode, and an electrolyte

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrochemical reactions: Redox Reactions

Implementation Method 2

a metal-air battery comprising a metal electrode as an anode, an air electrode as a cathode, and an electrolyte

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP4131585A1Aircraft or spacecraft and method of restoring power
Publication Date: 2023.02.08 AIRBUS OPERATIONS GMBH
  • EP4131585A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4131585A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4131585A1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention provides an aircraft or spacecraft (90), in particular an airplane, comprising at least one metal-oxygen battery (1) which comprises at least an anode (3), a cathode (4) and an electrolyte (6). The metal-oxygen battery is configured and arranged in the aircraft or spacecraft in such a manner that at least the electrolyte (6, 48) can be replaced for at least partially restoring electrical power to be supplied by the metal-oxygen battery to one or more devices (94) in the aircraft or spacecraft. Furthermore, a method of at least partially restoring electrical power to be supplied by a metal-oxygen battery (1) to one or more devices (94) in an aircraft or spacecraft (90) is proposed, the method comprising a step (203, 204) of replacing at least a contaminated electrolyte (6, 48) by fresh electrolyte (6, 58). The invention in particular may contribute to providing a safe and reliable way of storing electrical energy with high energy density aboard an aircraft or spacecraft, as well as a simple and efficient way of recharging, i.e. restoring power to be supplied.