Monolithic Metallic Glass Watch Spring Shaping

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for manufacturing watch springs using amorphous metal alloys face challenges such as delamination, poor resin properties, and difficulties in achieving the required mechanical properties due to differences between crystalline and amorphous metallic alloys, leading to fragile and unreliable springs.

Innovation Solution

A process involving hyperquenching to produce monolithic metallic glass ribbons with specific thickness and ductility, followed by plastic deformation and controlled heat treatment to achieve desired curvature and mechanical properties, allowing for the creation of functional and reliable watch springs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If amorphous metal laminate is used for watch springs, then the spring can be manufactured, but delamination occurs during shaping and repeated winding/unwinding

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturability of springVSAvoidspring durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the epoxy resin binder from the laminate structure, extracting the problematic component that causes delamination. The solution uses a monolithic metallic glass ribbon without any resin binding, thereby eliminating the delamination issue while maintaining manufacturability through alternative shaping methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from a composite laminate structure (metallic glass layers bound by epoxy resin) to a monolithic metallic glass material. This eliminates the interface between layers where delamination occurs, while the amorphous structure provides superior elastic properties for spring application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Quantity of substance

If thick metallic glass ribbons are produced by rapid quenching, then the spring can be manufactured, but the process cannot produce ribbons up to thirty microns thickness

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveribbon thicknessVSAvoidmanufacturing process capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the cooling rate parameter from extremely rapid quenching (>10^6 K/s) to moderate cooling rates (10-1000 K/s), enabling the production of thick metallic glass ribbons (30-200 microns) that would be impossible with conventional rapid quenching methods while maintaining the amorphous structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes controlled phase transition from liquid to amorphous solid state by adjusting cooling rates. By using moderate cooling rates instead of extreme quenching, the process achieves thick ribbon formation while preventing crystallization and maintaining the desired amorphous metallic glass structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

3Shape

If plastic deformation is applied to metallic glass at room temperature, then the spring can be shaped, but the material is fragile and catastrophic shear failure occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespring geometryVSAvoidmaterial integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
ShapeVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the temperature parameter from room temperature to elevated temperatures (0.5-0.8 Tg), transforming the material behavior from brittle to ductile. This enables plastic deformation and shaping operations while maintaining material integrity, avoiding catastrophic shear failure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes the glass transition phenomenon by heating the metallic glass above its glass transition temperature (Tg). In this softened state, the material exhibits ductile behavior allowing plastic deformation. Subsequent cooling below Tg freezes the deformed shape while maintaining the amorphous structure and mechanical properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

4Strength

If casting is used to shape high mechanical performance alloy, then the spring can be manufactured, but the ribbons are fragile in bending

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelastic limitVSAvoidductility in bending
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the temperature parameter during shaping operations, performing plastic deformation at elevated temperatures (0.5-0.8 Tg) where the material is ductile, then cooling to room temperature to achieve the final spring shape. This sequence maintains both high elastic limit and bending ductility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary plastic deformation at elevated temperatures before final cooling and service use. This preliminary shaping action is performed when the material is ductile and forgiving, allowing complex spring geometries to be formed. The subsequent cooling freezes the shape while the material retains its high strength properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the industrial-scale production of high-performance watch springs with enhanced mechanical properties and reliability, maintaining ductility and preventing premature failure, while avoiding crystallization and embrittlement.

Implementation Method 1

cooling a liquid metal alloy at a speed greater than 500°C/s in order to obtain a monolithic amorphous metallic glass

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRapid quenching: Cooling

Implementation Method 2

cooling a liquid metal alloy at a speed greater than 500°C/s in order to obtain a monolithic amorphous metallic glass

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVitrification: Vitrification

Implementation Method 3

subjecting the whole to a heat treatment to freeze the ribbon in its wound position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat treatment: Heat Treatment

Implementation Method 4

heat treatment to freeze the ribbon in its wound position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnnealing: Annealing

Data Source

PatentEP2510405B1Method for the shaping of a spring for a timepiece
Publication Date: 2016.03.30 ROLEX SA
  • EP2510405B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2510405B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~3b
  • EP2510405B1 patent drawingFigure 4a~5b

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for making a spring for a timepiece that comprises at least one monobloc ribbon of metal glass including at least one curvature. The method is characterized in that said method comprises the step of shaping by means of plastic-deformation said monobloc ribbon in order to obtain at least a portion of said curvature.