Metallurgical Silicon Nanoparticle Manufacturing via Electrochemical Etching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for manufacturing silicon-based nanoparticles are energy-intensive and costly due to the use of high-purity solar or microelectronic grade silicon substrates, which also require significant energy for hydrogen release.

Innovation Solution

The process involves electrochemical etching of metallurgical grade silicon substrates with high impurity levels and structural defects, using a pulsed electric current and doping steps to reduce energy consumption and enhance hydrogen release efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If high-purity solar or microelectronic grade silicon substrates are used for manufacturing silicon-based nanoparticles, then the quality and effectiveness of the nanoparticles are improved, but the energy consumption and manufacturing costs increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveeffectiveness of nanoparticlesVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the purity parameter of the silicon substrate from high-purity solar/microelectronic grade to metallurgical grade with controlled impurity levels between 1-1000 ppm. This parameter change reduces the energy consumption and cost while maintaining nanoparticle effectiveness through electrochemical etching processes that work effectively with metallurgical grade silicon

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses cheaper metallurgical grade silicon substrates instead of expensive high-purity silicon substrates. The substrates are processed through electrochemical etching to create porous structures that are then ground into nanoparticles, achieving cost reduction without sacrificing the functional performance of the final nanoparticle product

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Reliability

If high-purity solar or microelectronic grade silicon substrates are used, then the nanoparticle quality is improved, but the manufacturing cost increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenanoparticle qualityVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the substrate purity parameter from high-purity (solar/microelectronic grade) to metallurgical grade with impurity levels of 1-1000 ppm. This parameter change reduces raw material costs significantly while the electrochemical etching process maintains nanoparticle quality by creating controlled porous structures that are then ground into functional nanoparticles

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Productivity

If conventional electrochemical etching processes are used on high-purity silicon, then nanoparticle formation is achieved, but significant energy is required for hydrogen release

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenanoparticle productionVSAvoidactivation energy for hydrogen release
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the substrate composition parameter by using metallurgical grade silicon with specific impurity levels (1-1000 ppm) instead of high-purity silicon. This composition change modifies the electrochemical properties of the substrate, reducing the activation energy required for hydrogen release from the nanopowder while maintaining effective nanoparticle production through the electrochemical etching process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces energy consumption and manufacturing costs while maintaining the effectiveness of silicon-based nanoparticles for hydrogen production and other applications, with improved mechanical and electrical properties.

Implementation Method 1

A current is applied and a chemical reaction takes place allowing the formation of pores in the silicon substrate. At the same time, the silicon nanostructures are hydrogenated.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrochemical etching: Electrolysis

Implementation Method 2

An oxidation reaction using water, for example, or thermal activation releases the hydrogen contained in the nanopowder.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation reaction: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentEP2683856B1Process for manufacturing silicon-based nanoparticles from metallurgical-grade silicon or refined metallurgical-grade silicon
Publication Date: 2017.08.09 APOLLON SOLAR SAS
  • EP2683856B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a process for manufacturing silicon-based nanoparticles by electrochemical etching of a substrate (7), characterized in that the substrate is made of metallurgical-grade or refined metallurgical-grade silicon, the substrate having an impurity content higher than 0.01%.