Metasurface Phase Control for Wireless Power Concentration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Microwave power transmission technology faces challenges in concentrating transmitted electromagnetic waves at a small receiving point, particularly in wireless communication systems, where efficient power delivery to IoT devices is essential, and existing methods like wired power sources or battery exchange are inefficient.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing a metasurface with N cells, where the metasurface estimates a channel based on received power and a property matrix, adjusts the phase of each cell, and reflects power to a target device using a phase adjusting unit that sets reflection coefficients to 0° or 180°, enabling efficient beamforming and power transmission.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If microwave power transmission is used to transmit power wirelessly to distant devices, then power delivery capability is improved, but the ability to concentrate electromagnetic waves at a small receiving point deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The metasurface is divided into N independently controllable cells, each capable of adjusting its phase response. This segmentation allows precise control over the electromagnetic wave front, enabling the system to concentrate power at a specific receiving point while maintaining wireless transmission capability over distance.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the phase of each metasurface cell based on channel estimation feedback from the target device. This dynamic adaptation enables the beamforming weights to be optimized in real-time, concentrating electromagnetic energy precisely at the receiving point despite variations in the transmission channel.
2Productivity
If a metasurface with N cells is used to concentrate electromagnetic waves, then power transmission efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The target device estimates the channel between itself and the metasurface based on received power and a property matrix, then feeds back channel information to the metasurface. This feedback mechanism enables the system to automatically optimize beamforming weights without requiring complex manual configuration, reducing operational complexity while maintaining high transmission efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The system controls each metasurface cell by adjusting its phase parameter to one of two discrete values (0° or 180°), corresponding to turning the cell on or off. This parameter quantization simplifies the control mechanism compared to continuous phase adjustment, reducing device complexity while still achieving effective electromagnetic wave concentration.
3Measurement precision
If channel estimation is performed using a property matrix of size (N+1)×(N+1), then beamforming accuracy is improved, but processing requirements and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses a property matrix of size (N+1)×(N+1) for channel estimation, which includes one additional row and column compared to the minimum N×N matrix. This excessive action provides more information for accurate channel estimation and bias value determination, improving beamforming accuracy at the cost of increased processing requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The property matrix is pre-configured with information about whether each cell is turned on and bias values before channel estimation is performed. This preliminary preparation of the matrix structure enables more efficient processing during actual channel estimation operations, reducing real-time computational complexity while maintaining high estimation accuracy.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances power transmission efficiency by concentrating electromagnetic waves at the target device, improving beam steering and power delivery in wireless communication systems, particularly for IoT devices, by using a metasurface with phase-adjusted cells to focus power effectively.
Implementation Method 1
reflecting, by the metasurface, the power transmitted from the power supply device to the target device using the adjusted phase of each cell of the N cells
Implementation Method 2
adjusting, by the metasurface, a phase of each cell of the N cells based on the estimated channel
Implementation Method 3
concentrate the transmitted electromagnetic wave at a small receiving point
Data Source
AI summary
A power transmitting method of a wireless communication system includes a metasurface. The method includes transmitting power of a power supply device to a target device through the metasurface comprising N cells, where N is an integer; estimating, by the metasurface, a channel between the metasurface and the target device based on the power received by the target device and a property matrix with a magnitude of (N+1)×(N+1); adjusting, by the metasurface, a phase of each cell of the N cells based on the estimated channel; and reflecting, by the metasurface, the power transmitted from the power supply device to the target device using the adjusted phase of each cell of the N cells. The property matrix includes information indicating whether each cell of the N cells is turned on and information about a bias value of the wireless communication system.