Patient-Specific Metatarsal Resection Guide for Osteotomy Precision
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical instruments for orthopedic procedures, particularly those involving the foot or hand, lack precision and customization, leading to challenges in accurately locating and orienting osteotomy cuts and fixation guides, especially on smaller bones like those in the foot, resulting in inadequate and error-prone procedures.
Innovation Solution
A patient-specific surgical apparatus and method featuring a metatarsal base resection guide with a body having a resection feature and bone attachment features, configured based on medical imaging to guide precise resection and fixation on the metatarsal bones, including a bone engagement surface that registers to the patient's anatomy and uses guide pins for secure attachment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional surgical instruments are used, then the procedure can be performed with standard equipment, but the precision and accuracy are inadequate especially on smaller bones like metatarsals
Solution Approach 1:
The surgical system is divided into multiple patient-specific components including a bone engagement surface, resection guide, fixation guide, and alignment features. Each component is customized to match the patient's unique anatomy as determined by preoperative imaging, allowing precise localization and orientation without requiring a single complex monolithic instrument.
Solution Approach 2:
Patient-specific instrumentation is designed and fabricated before surgery based on preoperative CT or MRI imaging. The bone engagement surface geometry is predetermined to match the patient's actual bone contours, and cut guides are pre-configured with the exact orientation and location needed, eliminating the need for intraoperative measurement and alignment adjustments.
2Reliability
If generic surgical guides are used, then the instrumentation can be standardized, but the customization to patient-specific anatomy is insufficient leading to errors
Solution Approach 1:
The bone engagement surface is designed with locally varied geometry that matches the specific contours and features of the patient's individual bone. Different regions of the engagement surface have different shapes, angles, and surface characteristics tailored to engage with corresponding local anatomical features, ensuring precise and reliable positioning for that specific patient's anatomy.
Solution Approach 2:
The instrumentation parameters including engagement surface geometry, resection angles, fixation hole orientations, and alignment features are all customized based on patient-specific imaging data. This allows the surgical guide to accurately reflect the patient's unique anatomical parameters while still being manufactured using standard additive manufacturing or CNC processes.
3Manufacturing precision
If standard resection guides are used, then the surgical process can follow conventional protocols, but the ability to guide precise resection on small bones is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The resection guide is integrated with the patient-specific bone engagement surface and fixation guide as a nested assembly. The resection feature is positioned within the context of the overall patient-specific instrument, allowing precise cut guidance to be achieved as part of a coordinated system rather than requiring a separate complex standalone resection device.
4Measurement precision
If conventional fixation guides are used, then standard fixation procedures can be followed, but accurate localization and orientation on patient-specific anatomy is challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The fixation guide features including hole locations, orientations, and depths are all predetermined based on patient-specific imaging and surgical planning. The guide is fabricated with these exact parameters built-in, eliminating the need for intraoperative measurement and calculation, and allowing the surgeon to simply attach the guide and drill through the pre-configured holes for accurate fixation placement.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus, system, and method is disclosed for correcting a condition present in a patient. The apparatus may include a body having a superior side, an inferior side, a medial side, a lateral side, a proximal side, and a distal side. In addition, the apparatus may include a resection feature between a proximal end and a distal end that guides resection of a metatarsal of a patient's foot. Moreover, the apparatus may include a bone attachment feature configured to couple the body to the metatarsal. Also, the apparatus may include a bone engagement surface configured to register to the metatarsal based on medical imaging taken of the patient's foot.