Methane-Based Light Oil Desulfurization Catalyst

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional hydrodesulfurization processes for light oil desulfurization are economically unfavorable and environmentally impactful due to high energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and the production of elemental sulfur, which is difficult to utilize effectively.

Innovation Solution

A catalyst structure comprising aluminum oxide, aluminosilicate, silicon oxide, silicon carbide, or titanium oxide with metals like Ni, Mo, Co, Ga, Ag, Zn, and Ce, used in a methane or natural gas environment to desulfurize light oils, producing valuable chemicals like carbon disulfide and aromatics while reducing sulfur content.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If traditional hydrodesulfurization process using H2 is employed, then sulfur content in light oils can be effectively removed, but energy consumption increases and CO2 emissions are generated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesulfur contentVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical parameter from using H2 as reactant to using methane as hydrogen donor, and changes the reaction condition from high temperature (300-400°C) and high pressure (30-130 bar) to milder conditions, thereby reducing energy consumption while maintaining desulfurization effectiveness

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts methane, which is typically burned for energy production and contributes to CO2 emissions, into a useful hydrogen donor for desulfurization reaction, transforming a harmful greenhouse gas into a beneficial reagent that donates hydrogen to remove sulfur from light oils

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Quantity of substance

If traditional hydrodesulfurization process using H2 is employed, then sulfur content in light oils can be effectively removed, but CO2 emissions increase due to methane steam reforming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesulfur contentVSAvoidCO2 emissions
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts methane, which is typically burned for energy production and contributes to CO2 emissions, into a useful hydrogen donor for desulfurization reaction, transforming a harmful greenhouse gas into a beneficial reagent that donates hydrogen to remove sulfur from light oils

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and utilizes the hydrogen potential embedded in methane molecules directly for desulfurization, eliminating the need for separate methane steam reforming process that produces CO2, thereby separating the useful hydrogen function from the harmful CO2 generation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Quantity of substance

If traditional hydrodesulfurization process is employed, then sulfur content in light oils can be effectively removed, but capital investment and operation costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesulfur contentVSAvoidcapital investment and operation costs
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the reaction conditions from high temperature (300-400°C) and high pressure (30-130 bar) to milder conditions using methane as hydrogen donor, which reduces the requirements for expensive high-pressure equipment and high-energy consumption facilities, thereby lowering both capital investment and operation costs

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes methane, which has decreasing market price due to shale gas revolution, as a hydrogen donor, turning an inexpensive abundant resource into a cost-effective reagent for desulfurization, thereby reducing operation costs compared to using expensive H2

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

4Quantity of substance

If traditional hydrodesulfurization process is employed, then sulfur content in light oils can be effectively removed, but water consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesulfur contentVSAvoidwater consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and utilizes the hydrogen potential embedded in methane molecules directly for desulfurization, eliminating the need for separate methane steam reforming process that consumes large amounts of water, thereby separating the useful hydrogen function from the harmful water consumption

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

5Quantity of substance

If methane steam reforming process is used to produce H2, then hydrogen can be obtained for desulfurization, but the process requires high temperature and pressure resulting in high operation costs

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovehydrogenVSAvoidoperation costs
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and utilizes the hydrogen potential embedded in methane molecules directly for desulfurization, eliminating the need for separate methane steam reforming process, thereby obtaining hydrogen in-situ without the energy-intensive intermediate step

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables continuous desulfurization reaction using methane as hydrogen donor under milder conditions, eliminating the discontinuous and energy-intensive process of producing H2 through steam reforming, thereby maintaining continuous useful action at lower energy input

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces sulfur content in light oils, minimizes CO2 generation, and produces high-value chemicals, making the process more environmentally friendly and economically attractive by leveraging methane as a hydrogen donor instead of hydrogen gas.

Implementation Method 1

a catalyst structure comprising a porous support structure including an aluminum oxide (i.e., Al2O3), an aluminosilicate material (e.g. zeolite), a silicon oxide (i.e. SiO2), a silicon carbide (i.e. SiC), a titanium oxide (i.e. TiO2) and any two or more metals loaded in the porous support structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Data Source

PatentUS11725150B2Method of light oil desulfurization in the presence of methane containing gas environment and catalyst structure
Publication Date: 2023.08.15 KARA TECH

AI summary

Catalyst structures and corresponding methods are described for the desulfurization of sulfur-containing light oil or model compounds under a specified gas atmosphere. The sulfur-containing feedstock is effectively converted while producing valuable hydrocarbon products such as BTX and carbon disulfide, as well as utilizing methane or natural gas resources, providing an economical and environmental innovation in the petroleum industry.