Method and arrangement for operating an optical sensor on a window to a combustion chamber of a heating device and corresponding computer program product

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Solution Overview

Problem

Optical sensors used for flame monitoring in hydrogen-fueled heaters face challenges with extraneous light interference, which can distort measurements and compromise safety, especially when the housing is not properly sealed, allowing ambient light to enter.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a method and device that maintain the optical sensor in a light- and air-tight housing under negative pressure, using fan sensors to detect any leaks or improper closure by monitoring fan behavior and parameters, preventing operation until the housing is correctly sealed, and allowing safe emergency operation if necessary.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the optical sensor is positioned close to the flame for clear signal detection, then measurement precision is improved, but the sensor is exposed to excessive heat which can damage the sensor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflame signal detectionVSAvoidsensor heat exposure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The system separates the optical sensor from the combustion chamber by positioning it behind a window, dividing the monitoring function from the high-temperature zone while maintaining optical access to the flame

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A window serves as an intermediary element that allows optical signals to pass from the combustion chamber to the sensor while blocking heat transfer, enabling close positioning without direct thermal exposure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If the housing is made light-tight to prevent extraneous light interference, then measurement precision is improved, but the housing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflame monitoring accuracyVSAvoidhousing structure
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The optical sensor is extracted from the combustion chamber environment and placed in a separate housing, isolating it from extraneous light sources while maintaining monitoring capability through the window

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The window acts as an intermediary that provides optical access while the housing provides light-tight enclosure, separating the functions of optical access and environmental protection

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Reliability

If the housing is sealed tightly to prevent light leakage, then reliability is improved, but the ease of operation for maintenance decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight-tight sealingVSAvoidmaintenance access
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The housing is segmented with a removable or hinged cover that can be opened for maintenance while the main body remains light-tight, separating access requirements from sealing requirements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The housing is designed with pre-planned access points and sealing mechanisms that maintain light-tight properties when closed, allowing maintenance without compromising reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Reliability

If fan speed is increased to maintain negative pressure and prevent light ingress, then reliability is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenegative pressure maintenanceVSAvoidfan power consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The fan operation is controlled with feedback from pressure sensors that detect leaks, allowing the fan to operate at lower speeds when sealing is good and only increase speed when leaks are detected

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The housing is pre-sealed with gaskets and proper closure mechanisms to maintain negative pressure at lower fan speeds, reducing energy consumption while maintaining reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Effectively prevents extraneous light from reaching optical sensors, ensuring reliable flame monitoring and enhancing safety by ensuring the housing is correctly sealed before heater operation, even in the presence of external light sources.

Implementation Method 1

The optical sensor is arranged in an interior space of a housing which is essentially impermeable to light and air with respect to the environment, and which interior space is under negative pressure with respect to the environment when the heater is in operation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNegative pressure: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 2

The optical sensor is aligned to the flame in the combustion chamber using a mount so that the sensor can measure this flame

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical detection: Photoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 3

which interior space is kept under negative pressure with respect to the environment by a fan during operation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFan-induced air flow: Fan

Data Source

PatentEP4215813B1Method and arrangement for operating an optical sensor on a window to a combustion chamber of a heating device and corresponding computer program product
Publication Date: 2024.08.28 VAILLANT GMBH(DE)
  • EP4215813B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for operating an optical sensor (9) outside a window (8) of a combustion chamber (2) of a heating appliance (1), which is configured to observe a flame (7) in the combustion chamber (2) during operation of the heating appliance (1), wherein the optical sensor (9) is arranged in an interior space (29) of a housing (25) that is substantially impermeable to light and air relative to the environment (30), which interior space (29) is kept under negative pressure relative to the environment (30) by a fan (20) during operation, and wherein at least one fan sensor (24) is provided for monitoring the behavior of the fan (20) when the heating appliance (1) is started, which is connected to an evaluation electronics (12) configured to detect a leakage,The invention enables the detection of damage and/or incomplete closure of the housing (25) based on measured values ​​from the fan sensor (24) when the heater (1) is started, and the prevention of continued operation until the housing (25) is in a correct condition, or allowing operation only as an emergency. The invention also enables the detection of a risk of extraneous light (18) affecting an optical sensor (9) used for flame monitoring or control when the heater (1) is started, and can thus prevent operation if it poses a safety risk, or switch the heater (1) into a safe operating mode.