Method and system for testing and evaluating heat transfer elements at high temperature operations

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for testing heat transfer fluids (HTFs) and heat exchangers in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) systems are inadequate for high-temperature operations, as they fail to accurately evaluate thermo-physical properties and stability under dynamic conditions, leading to limited operating temperatures and potential risks with molten salts, and lack comprehensive testing for durability and performance.

Innovation Solution

A method and system for testing HTFs and heat exchangers at high temperatures, involving the introduction of a heat transfer fluid and a secondary fluid into a heat exchanger, measuring thermodynamic parameters, determining thermo-physical properties, grading the HTF based on these properties, and assessing stability over time, simulating real-world CSP plant conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If oil based heat transfer fluid is used in parabolic trough CSP systems, then the system can operate, but the operating temperature is limited to below 400°C due to decomposition

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperating temperatureVSAvoidfluid stability
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the heat transfer fluid by introducing alternative fluids (synthetic oils, esters, nanofluids) with different decomposition characteristics. This allows the system to operate at higher temperatures (above 400°C) while maintaining fluid stability through selected chemical formulations that resist decomposition at elevated temperatures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Temperature

If molten salts are used for high temperature operation in solar towers, then operating temperature can reach 560°C, but handling becomes very challenging and risky due to freezing below 230°C

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperating temperatureVSAvoidhandling difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent modifies the thermal properties of the heat transfer fluid by formulating synthetic oils and ester-based fluids with depressed freezing points and elevated boiling points. These alternative fluids maintain liquid state across a wider temperature range, enabling high-temperature operation (above 400°C) without the freezing risks associated with molten salts, thereby simplifying handling and system operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If conventional testing methods are used for heat transfer fluids, then testing can be performed, but accurate evaluation of thermo-physical properties and stability under dynamic high-temperature conditions is not achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermo-physical parameter accuracyVSAvoidtesting system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs an integrated test rig that combines multiple testing functions into a single system. The apparatus can simultaneously evaluate thermo-physical properties (viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat), stability under dynamic conditions, and performance metrics for heat transfer fluids. This multi-functional approach achieves accurate evaluation of fluids under high-temperature operational conditions while avoiding the need for multiple separate complex testing systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for comprehensive evaluation of HTFs and heat exchangers, providing realistic estimates of performance and stability at high temperatures, enabling the selection of suitable HTFs and heat exchangers for improved CSP system efficiency and safety.

Implementation Method 1

heat transfer between the HTF and the secondary fluid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

heat transfer between the HTF and the secondary fluid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP2889354B1Method and system for testing and evaluating heat transfer elements at high temperature operations
Publication Date: 2021.08.11 INDIAN OIL CORP LTD
  • EP2889354B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2889354B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2889354B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention describes a method and a system (200) for testing and evaluating heat transfer elements at high temperature operations has been described. The system (200) includes various components configured to: introduce a heat transfer fluid (HTF) and a secondary fluid into at least one heat exchanger, measure one or more thermodynamic parameter related to heat transfer between the HTF and the secondary fluid, determine at least one thermo-physical parameter of said HTF based on the measured thermodynamic parameter and finally, grade the HTF based on the determined thermo-physical parameter.