Method of coating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing coatings and adhesives rely heavily on organic solvents, which pose health and environmental hazards due to VOC emissions, and require high temperatures for polymerization, affecting substrate integrity and increasing costs and safety risks.
Innovation Solution
Development of water-soluble polymeric precursors (Formulas I and II) that can be polymerized under mild conditions, eliminating the need for organic solvents and facilitating the use of water as a solvent, thereby reducing VOC emissions and improving adhesion properties on textile fibers and metals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If organic solvents are used in coatings, then application performance and drying speed are improved, but VOC emissions and health hazards increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of the solvent system from organic to aqueous-based. The polymeric precursors are designed to be water-soluble, allowing the coating to be applied and dried using water instead of organic solvents, thereby eliminating VOC emissions while maintaining acceptable drying performance through controlled evaporation of water.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent discards harmful organic solvents from the coating formulation and replaces them with environmentally benign water as the solvent medium. This substitution eliminates the release of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere while the water evaporates harmlessly, achieving both application performance and environmental protection.
2Reliability
If high temperatures are used to initiate polymerisation, then polymerisation is achieved, but substrate integrity is compromised and safety risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the temperature parameter from high (conventional) to low (mild conditions). The polymeric precursors are specifically designed with functional groups that enable polymerisation to proceed at lower temperatures, preventing thermal damage to heat-sensitive substrates while still achieving effective crosslinking and coating formation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes thermal energy (high temperature heating) with alternative polymerisation initiation mechanisms such as moisture-curing, atmospheric humidity-triggered polymerisation, or ambient temperature chemical reactions. This replacement eliminates the need for high-temperature equipment and associated safety risks while maintaining polymerisation effectiveness.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If organic solvents are removed from coatings, then environmental and health problems are reduced, but coating performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite polymeric precursor molecules that combine multiple functional groups within a single molecular structure. These precursors incorporate both the polymerisable functional groups needed for crosslinking and adhesion, and the water solubility features needed for environmental compatibility. The resulting composite coating material achieves both high performance and low environmental impact.
Solution Approach 2:
The polymeric precursors are designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: they provide adhesion to substrates, form crosslinked networks for coating integrity, and maintain water solubility for easy application and environmental compatibility. This multi-functionality allows the coating to achieve full performance without relying on harmful organic solvents.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The water-soluble polymeric precursors enable the formation of even, regular coatings at lower temperatures, reducing environmental impact and improving adhesion and handling properties of treated textiles while minimizing the use of hazardous solvents.
Implementation Method 1
polymerising the polymeric precursor so as to produce a polymeric coating on the substrate
Implementation Method 2
Following addition, organic solvents evaporate releasing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided a method of treating textile fibres including: a) providing a polymeric precursor including a diallyl amide cationic compound and a corresponding counter ion; b) either (i) coating the textile fibres with the polymeric precursor and polymerising the polymeric precursor to form a polymeric coating, or (ii) polymerising the polymeric precursor and contacting the polymerised polymeric precursor with the textile fibres to form a polymeric coating on the textile fibres. There is also provided a composite structure including a polymeric coating formed from the polymeric precursors of the present invention.