MHC-Binding Peptide Combinations for Esophageal Cancer Immunotherapy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current immunotherapies for esophageal cancer are limited, with scarce clinical data and significant side effects, necessitating the identification of effective biomarkers and tumor-associated antigens for targeted cancer treatment.
Innovation Solution
Development of novel peptides derived from HLA class I molecules of human tumor cells that bind to MHC and induce T-cell responses, specifically targeting tumor-associated epitopes to stimulate anti-tumor immune responses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If current immunotherapies are used for esophageal cancer, then treatment can be provided, but significant side effects occur and clinical data is scarce
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the immune response by targeting specific tumor-associated antigens (TAA) and their corresponding peptide epitopes rather than using non-specific immunotherapies. This segmentation allows for precise targeting of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues, thereby reducing side effects while maintaining treatment efficacy
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality by designing peptide vaccines that are specific to particular tumor types and patient HLA types. The treatment is tailored to the local characteristics of each patient's tumor antigens and immune system, enabling effective cancer cell recognition without causing widespread immune damage to healthy tissues
2Reliability
If current immunotherapies are used for esophageal cancer, then treatment can be provided, but clinical data is scarce
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary identification and characterization of tumor-associated antigens and their peptide epitopes before clinical application. By pre-screening and validating specific TAA-peptide-HLA combinations in laboratory settings, the invention builds a foundation of reliable data that can guide clinical treatment decisions and reduce uncertainty in immunotherapy outcomes
3Reliability
If peptides are designed to bind to MHC and induce T-cell responses, then anti-tumor immune responses are stimulated, but specific peptide sequences and HLA compatibility must be matched
Solution Approach 1:
The patent identifies tumor-associated antigens and peptide epitopes that can be universally applied across multiple HLA types and cancer types. By focusing on conserved epitopes that bind to common HLA alleles, the invention creates a multi-functional peptide vaccine platform that can stimulate T-cell responses in diverse patient populations without requiring completely customized designs for each HLA type
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The peptides elicit potent immune responses against various cancers, including esophageal cancer, by activating CD4-positive T-helper cells and CD8-positive cytotoxic T cells, potentially improving treatment efficacy and minimizing side effects.
Implementation Method 1
wherein said peptide binds to MHC
Implementation Method 2
peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.