Micro Impulse Radar for Physiological Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current radar systems are inefficient in detecting physiological information with low power requirements and high accuracy, particularly for human subjects, as they often require high power and are costly to manufacture.

Innovation Solution

A micro impulse radar (MIR) system that includes a transceiver circuit to transmit and receive radar signals, a control circuit to determine physiological parameters based on radar return signals, and a sensor configured to detect information for calculating physiological parameters, enabling accurate and efficient detection of cardiac, pulmonary, and fetal parameters.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional radar systems are used to detect physiological information, then detection capability is achieved, but power consumption is high and manufacturing cost is high

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvephysiological information detection accuracyVSAvoidpower consumption

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces conventional high-power radar systems with a micro-impulse radar system that uses ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulses. This substitution enables physiological detection with significantly reduced power consumption while maintaining detection accuracy, directly resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and energy use

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the operational parameters of the radar system by using impulse signals with extremely short duration (picosecond to nanosecond range) and ultra-wide bandwidth. This parameter transformation allows the system to achieve physiological detection capability with low average power consumption, resolving the contradiction between detection accuracy and power requirements

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If conventional radar systems are used to detect physiological information, then detection capability is achieved, but manufacturing cost is high

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvephysiological information detection accuracyVSAvoidmanufacturing cost

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes complex conventional radar hardware with a simplified micro-impulse radar architecture that can be manufactured using standard integrated circuit techniques. This substitution maintains physiological detection accuracy while significantly reducing manufacturing complexity and cost

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a disposable or low-cost micro-impulse radar sensor design that eliminates the need for expensive, complex radar components. The simplified sensor can be mass-produced at low cost while maintaining sufficient detection accuracy for physiological monitoring applications

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Use of energy by moving object

If low power radar signals are used, then power consumption is reduced, but signal-to-noise ratio decreases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidsignal-to-noise ratio

Core Design Contradiction:

Use of energy by moving objectVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses periodic impulse signaling with extremely short duty cycles. The low-power impulse signals are transmitted in brief bursts followed by long idle periods, allowing the system to maintain low average power consumption while achieving sufficient signal-to-noise ratio during the active transmission windows for physiological detection

Inventive Principle:

Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transforms the signal parameters by using ultra-wideband impulse signals with picosecond to nanosecond duration. This parameter change concentrates the energy in a very short time window, achieving high peak power for adequate signal-to-noise ratio while maintaining low average power consumption through the extremely short duty cycle

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The MIR system effectively detects physiological parameters with low power consumption, providing high signal-to-noise ratios and enabling the calculation of cardiac, pulmonary, and fetal parameters with improved accuracy and reduced manufacturing costs.

Implementation Method 1

an MIR transceiver circuit configured to transmit, towards a subject, at least one transmitted radar signal; and receive at least one radar return signal

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectRadar: Radar

Data Source

PatentUS12138030B2System and methods for micro impulse radar detection of physiological information

Publication Date: 2024.11.12 DEEP SCIENCE LLC

AI summary

A micro impulse radar (MIR) system includes art MIR transceiver circuit configured to transmit, towards a subject, at least one transmitted radar signal, and receive at least one radar return signal. The system includes a control circuit configured to generate a control signal defining a radar signal parameter of the at least one transmitted radar signal, provide the control signal to the MIR transceiver circuit to cause the MIR transceiver circuit to transmit the at least one transmitted signal based on the radar signal parameter, and determine, based on the at least one radar return signal, a physiological parameter of the subject.