Micro-Interlocking Light Modulator Sealing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing light modulator devices face challenges in creating a rugged, flexible structure for large-area applications without exposing fluids to polymerization steps, while maintaining strong peel adhesion and self-sealed discrete fluid volumes.

Innovation Solution

The development of a switchable light modulator device with microstructures that press fit together, forming sealed cavities without a polymerization step, utilizing an interference fit and elastic deformation to create strong friction and chemical bonds, and enhancing sealing through fluid swelling and polymerization.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If prior art solutions use polymerization steps to bond substrates and form structures, then structural strength and adhesion are improved, but the fluid components must be protected from polymerization adding complexity and limiting suitability to specific fluid types

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural strengthVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the polymerization step from the bonding process entirely. Instead of using polymerization to form adhesive layers, the invention uses mechanical interlocking through complementary microstructures (protrusions and recesses) that physically engage to bond substrates and form seal structures, eliminating the need to protect fluid from polymerization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the chemical bonding mechanism (polymerization) with a mechanical bonding mechanism (interlocking microstructures). The complementary geometric features mechanically engage to provide substrate bonding and seal formation without chemical reactions, substituting a mechanical system for a chemical one.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Strength

If prior art solutions use adhesive coating and polymerization to bond substrates, then peel adhesion is improved, but the fluid preferentially wets the surface making strong chemical bonds difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepeel adhesionVSAvoidfluid wetting interference
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the adhesive coating layer entirely from the bonding interface. Instead of coating surfaces with adhesive that must compete with fluid wetting, the invention uses the substrate surfaces themselves with integrated microstructures that mechanically interlock, eliminating the harmful effect of fluid wetting interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces chemical adhesion (adhesive bonding) with mechanical interlocking (microstructure engagement). The complementary geometric features physically interdigitate to provide bonding strength and peel adhesion without relying on chemical bonds that are disrupted by fluid wetting.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Stability of the object's composition

If prior art solutions expose fluid to polymerization to form bonded structures, then structural integrity is improved, but the fluid components must be specially selected to not participate in polymerization

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural integrityVSAvoidfluid compatibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the polymerization process from the structural formation sequence. By using mechanical interlocking microstructures to create bonds and seals, the fluid is never exposed to polymerization chemistry, allowing any fluid type to be used without compatibility constraints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal bonding mechanism that works with any fluid type. The mechanical interlocking microstructures provide a polymerization-independent bonding method, making the system adaptable to diverse fluid compositions including liquids, gels, and pastes without requiring fluid-specific optimization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The device achieves significant structural strength, including peel adhesion and resistance to fatigue and vibrations, allowing for large-area, flexible, and self-sealed fluid volumes, suitable for applications like smart windows and displays.

Implementation Method 1

one or both of said microstructures are arranged to elastically deform when fitting together

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

utilizing an interference fit and elastic deformation to create strong friction and chemical bonds

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Implementation Method 3

said microstructures are arranged to swell in response to contact with said fluid to enhance said joining and sealing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSwelling: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 4

said joining and sealing is enhanced by polymerization of said microstructures once joined, the polymerization providing covalent bonds in said joints and seals

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Implementation Method 5

the sealed fluid inside a cavity enhances said wall loading, opposes relaxation of the loading over time, and resists external separating force applied to said substrates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuction: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP3281055B1A micro-fastened, sealed light modulator
Publication Date: 2019.12.18 E INK CORP
  • EP3281055B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP3281055B1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP3281055B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A switchable light modulator device comprises a fluid layer disposed between opposite spaced apart major surfaces of first and second substrates. Each of the substrates comprise first and second interoperable microstructures formed on the opposite major surfaces. The respective microstructures fit together to join the first and second substrates and to define wall portions for a plurality of cavities, the cavities sealing said fluid in discrete volumes.