Micro LED Optical Interconnect Layout for Light Extraction Reliability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optical interconnect systems using micro LEDs face challenges in improving light extraction efficiency and reliability.

Innovation Solution

An optical interconnect system is designed with a micro LED array, a photodiode array, and an optical transmission medium, featuring a layered structure that includes a conductive base semiconductor layer, a semiconductor light-emitting structure, and a passivation layer, along with a reflective structure and electrode layers, to enhance light extraction and reliability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If a micro LED structure is used for optical interconnect, then device size is reduced, but light extraction efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice sizeVSAvoidlight extraction efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies curvature by forming a convex curved surface on the lower surface of the micro LED chip using reflow processing. This curved surface increases the extraction efficiency of downward-directed light by reducing total internal reflection at the semiconductor-substrate interface, thereby improving light extraction efficiency while maintaining the reduced device size of micro LEDs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by selectively forming a reflective film on specific regions of the lower surface of the micro LED chip. The reflective film is deposited on the convex curved surface and extends to flat regions, creating zones with different optical properties. This localized modification optimizes light extraction in specific areas while maintaining the compact micro LED structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Loss of energy

If multiple layers are stacked in micro LED to improve light extraction, then light extraction efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight extraction efficiencyVSAvoidlayered structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies multi-functionality by designing the lower surface structure to serve multiple purposes: the convex curved surface both extracts downward light and provides a platform for reflective film deposition, while the reflective film simultaneously reflects light and protects the semiconductor structure. This integrated design improves light extraction efficiency without proportionally increasing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies preliminary action by pre-forming the convex curved surface through reflow processing before depositing the reflective film. This sequence allows the curved surface geometry to be established first, optimizing light extraction paths, and then the reflective film is added to enhance reflection without requiring complex simultaneous structuring, thereby managing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Loss of energy

If reflective structure is added to micro LED, then light extraction efficiency is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight extraction efficiencyVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies merging by combining the convex curved surface formation and reflective film deposition into an integrated manufacturing process. The reflow processing that creates the curved surface is performed in the same manufacturing sequence as the reflective film deposition, merging two functions into a coordinated process flow. This reduces manufacturing complexity compared to separate, independent structuring and coating steps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies self-service by using the reflow processing step to automatically form the convex curved surface geometry without requiring additional dedicated structuring equipment or processes. The existing reflow step, necessary for other manufacturing reasons, is utilized to create the light-extraction-enhancing curved surface, thereby improving light extraction efficiency without proportionally increasing manufacturing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system improves light extraction efficiency and reliability by optimizing the layered structure and manufacturing process, ensuring effective signal transmission and increased intensity.

Implementation Method 1

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) may refer to light sources that may convert an electrical energy into an optical energy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight-emitting diode effect: Light Emitting Diode

Implementation Method 2

a photodiode array on a side of the micro LED array and including at least one photodiode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotoelectric effect: Photoelectric Effect

Implementation Method 3

an optical transmission medium coupled with the micro LED array and the photodiode array and including an optical fiber

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical fiber transmission: Optical Fibre

Data Source

PatentEP4672926A1Optical interconnect system
Publication Date: 2025.12.31 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD
  • EP4672926A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4672926A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4672926A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An optical interconnect system (1) includes a micro light-emitting diode, LED, array (10) including at least one micro LED, a photodiode array (20) on a side of the micro LED array (10) and including at least one photodiode, an optical transmission medium (40) coupled with the micro LED array (10) and the photodiode array (20), and a circuit board (IC) apart from the optical transmission medium in a vertical direction (Z) with the micro LED array (10) and the photodiode array (20) therebetween. The at least one micro LED includes a plurality of layers sequentially stacked in the vertical direction (Z).