Micro-Lens Display Optics for Wide-Angle Luminance Uniformity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Display apparatuses experience significant luminance deviation and reduction as the viewing angle increases due to the presence of a black matrix, leading to quality deterioration of the image based on the user's location.
Innovation Solution
The display apparatus incorporates a device substrate with a bank insulating layer defining an emission area, micro-lenses with a conical lens groove, a color filter alongside a black matrix, and an optical lens, along with an encapsulation unit to enhance light distribution and reduce luminance deviation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a black matrix is used to restrict light traveling direction and prevent mixed color, then color purity is improved, but luminance is significantly reduced as viewing angle increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a micro-lens array as an intermediary component between the light-emitting device and the color filter. Each micro-lens corresponds to a pixel area and guides light emission directionally, replacing the traditional black matrix approach. This intermediary structure enables light to pass through the color filter more effectively while maintaining color purity, thus resolving the contradiction between color purity and luminance at inclined viewing angles.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the optical parameters by replacing the black matrix (which blocks light) with a micro-lens array (which redirects light). This parameter change from light-blocking to light-redirection enables the system to maintain both color purity and luminance, as the micro-lenses guide light through the color filter without the light loss inherent in black matrix structures.
2Manufacturing precision
If a black matrix is used to restrict light travel, then mixed color is prevented, but image quality deteriorates according to viewing location
Solution Approach 1:
The micro-lens array serves as an intermediary that maintains color separation functionality while improving image quality consistency. Each micro-lens is positioned to correspond with a pixel area and directs light precisely through the associated color filter, ensuring that color separation is maintained across all viewing locations without the quality deterioration caused by traditional black matrix structures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by having each micro-lens tailored to its specific pixel area, with the lens's optical properties optimized for that local region. This localized optimization ensures that each pixel area maintains its color characteristics and image quality regardless of viewing location, resolving the contradiction between color separation and image quality consistency.
3Manufacturing precision
If light emission is restricted by black matrix, then color mixing is prevented, but light utilization efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The micro-lens array acts as an intermediary that replaces the light-blocking black matrix with a light-redirection system. Each micro-lens captures light from the light-emitting device and directs it through the color filter, thereby maintaining color boundary definition while dramatically improving light utilization efficiency by ensuring that emitted light contributes to the displayed image rather than being blocked.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the optical parameter from light absorption (black matrix) to light redirection (micro-lenses). This parameter change transforms the system from one that wastes light by blocking it to one that efficiently utilizes emitted light by directing it through the color filter, thereby maintaining color boundary definition while improving light utilization efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively maintains consistent luminance across various viewing angles by optimizing light path alignment and distribution, preventing luminance deviation and improving frontal luminance and light-extraction efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
A plurality of micro-lenses is disposed on the device planarization layer of the pixel area. Each micro-lens has a lens groove having a conical shape with a concave side
Implementation Method 2
An optical lens is disposed on the color filter. The color filter and the optical lens overlap the emission area
Data Source
AI summary
A display apparatus including a light-emitting device is discussed. A device planarization layer, a plurality of micro-lenses, a color filter, a black matrix and an optical lens can be disposed on the light-emitting device. The color filter and the optical lens can overlap the light-emitting device. The black matrix can be disposed side by side with the color filter between the light-emitting device and the optical lens. An upper surface of each micro-lens toward the color filter can include a lens groove. The lens groove of each micro-lens can have a conical shape with a concave side. Thus, in the display apparatus, luminance and efficiency according to a viewing angle can be improved.