Non-enzymatic Micro Needle Glucose Sensor
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional glucose monitoring systems require blood extraction, causing pain and intermittency, and rely on deteriorating glucose oxidase enzymes, which fail to continuously monitor blood glucose levels effectively.
Innovation Solution
A continuous glucose monitoring system using a transistor-based non-enzymatic micro needle glucose sensor that inserts into the epidermis to measure glucose levels without blood extraction, utilizing a micro needle coated with an oxide layer to detect glucose through a reduction-oxidation reaction, generating an electric current proportional to glucose concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a needle is inserted into a fingertip to extract blood for glucose monitoring, then blood glucose levels can be monitored, but the patient experiences serious pain and feels reluctant to perform the procedure
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the glucose sensing function from the painful blood extraction process by using a micro needle that penetrates only the epidermis to access interstitial fluid, separating the glucose monitoring function from the painful deep tissue puncture
Solution Approach 2:
The micro needle is designed with differentiated local properties: the tip penetrates the epidermis to access interstitial fluid for glucose monitoring, while the shaft remains outside the body, creating a localized sensing zone that minimizes pain and maximizes monitoring capability
2Measurement precision
If glucose oxidase enzyme is used for glucose detection, then glucose levels can be monitored through reduction-oxidation reaction, but the enzyme characteristics deteriorate over time, failing to continuously monitor blood glucose levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the expensive, time-sensitive glucose oxidase enzyme with a more stable electrochemical sensing mechanism that does not rely on enzyme activity, effectively creating a disposable micro needle sensor that maintains performance throughout its intended short-term use
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the detection mechanism from enzymatic reaction to direct electrochemical oxidation of glucose at the micro needle surface, altering the fundamental parameter of detection methodology to eliminate enzyme deterioration issues
3Loss of time
If intermittent blood extraction is performed for glucose monitoring, then some glucose level data can be obtained, but low blood glucose levels occurring between measurements are not immediately monitored, causing risk to the patient
Solution Approach 1:
The micro needle sensor enables continuous glucose monitoring by maintaining constant contact with interstitial fluid through the epidermis, allowing real-time detection of glucose level changes without the interruptions inherent in periodic blood extraction methods
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous, pain-free monitoring of blood glucose levels without enzyme degradation, allowing real-time glucose tracking and insulin management via a smartphone and insulin pump.
Implementation Method 1
utilizing a micro needle coated with an oxide layer to detect glucose through a reduction-oxidation reaction, generating an electric current proportional to glucose concentration
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a continuous glucose monitoring system that is capable of continuously monitoring blood glucose levels. According to the present invention, the continuous glucose monitoring system includes: a body (A) attached to a given region of a user's body having less pain; a glucose sensor (B) having a micro needle (B1) protruding from one surface of the body (A) to be inserted into the epidermis of the user's body; and a glucose monitoring module (C) for monitoring the glucose from the glucose sensor (B).