Micro-Truss Fabrication via Bottom-Up Photopolymerization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for fabricating micro-truss structures are primarily top-down approaches, and there is a need for a system that can form these structures from the bottom up, allowing for more versatile and efficient fabrication techniques.

Innovation Solution

A system comprising a reservoir with a liquid photomonomer, a partially transparent mask at the bottom with apertures, a release layer to prevent adhesion, and a collimated light source with mirrors to direct light from multiple angles, forming self-guided photopolymer waveguides within the reservoir, which polymerize to create micro-truss structures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If top-down fabrication method is used, then manufacturing process is simple, but structure growth direction control is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefabrication simplicityVSAvoidstructure growth direction control
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional top-down fabrication approach by implementing a bottom-up growth method. Instead of forming micro-truss structures by illuminating liquid photomonomer from above through photomasks, the system illuminates from below through a transparent reservoir bottom, allowing structures to grow upward. This inversion enables precise control over growth direction while maintaining fabrication feasibility through the transparent reservoir design and multi-angle light delivery system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Device complexity

If light illumination is from single direction, then device complexity is low, but waveguide formation precision is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelight source configurationVSAvoidwaveguide formation precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from single-direction (one-dimensional) light illumination to multi-directional (three-dimensional) light delivery by positioning light sources at multiple angles around the reservoir. This dimensional expansion allows collimated light beams to converge at precise focal points within the photomonomer, enabling accurate waveguide formation and micro-truss structure fabrication with controlled geometry and orientation that cannot be achieved with single-direction illumination.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables the formation of micro-truss structures with self-guided waveguide members from the bottom up, offering greater control and flexibility in structure design and growth direction, overcoming limitations of traditional top-down methods.

Implementation Method 1

A reservoir holds a volume of a liquid photomonomer configured to polymerize to form a photopolymer when exposed to suitable light such as ultraviolet light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhoto-polymerization: Photopolymerisation

Implementation Method 2

A plurality of mirrors may reflect the light from a single source of collimated light to form a plurality of collimated beams, that illuminate the photomonomer in the reservoir, through the mask, from a corresponding plurality of directions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

the initial area of polymerization, such as a small circular area, will 'trap' the light and guide it to the tip of the polymerized region, further advancing that polymerized region

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight trapping and guiding: Waveguide (optics)

Data Source

PatentEP3529204B1System for making a micro-truss structure
Publication Date: 2021.05.05 HRL LAB
  • EP3529204B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3529204B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3529204B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

A system for fabricating micro-truss structures. A reservoir holds a volume of a liquid photomonomer configured to polymerize to form a photopolymer when exposed to suitable light such as ultraviolet light. A mask at the bottom of the reservoir includes a plurality of apertures. Light enters the reservoir through each aperture from several directions, forming a plurality of self -guided photopolymer waveguides within the reservoir. The light is supplied by one or more sources of collimated light. A plurality of mirrors may reflect the light from a single source of collimated light to form a plurality of collimated beams, that illuminate the photomonomer in the reservoir, through the mask, from a corresponding plurality of directions, to form a micro-truss structure including a plurality of self-guided waveguide members.