Micro Wiper Switch with Insulating Spacer for Three-Position Actuation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional electrical switches lack extended functionality, particularly in achieving three switching positions in a simple manner, which is necessary for certain applications like motor vehicle locks, and often require complex assembly and higher costs.

Innovation Solution

A micro wiper switch with a spacer made of insulating material between fixed contacts, integrated with a leaf spring that acts as both a switching contact and a resetting element, allowing for three defined switching positions and improved stability and reliability, while being compact, durable, and inexpensive.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a conventional snap switch design is used, then the switch has simple structure, but it cannot achieve three switching positions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching positionsVSAvoidcontact system
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The wiper serves multiple functions: it acts as the switching contact, forms a sealing element through its circumferential surface, and interacts with both fixed contacts and the insulating spacer to enable three switching positions. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components while achieving the desired versatility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The contact system is segmented into distinct functional zones: two fixed contacts for make/break switching, an insulating spacer for the third position, and a wiper that sequentially interacts with each element. This segmentation allows clear definition of three switching positions without requiring a complex multi-contact system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If the contact surfaces of fixed contacts are left exposed, then the structure is simple, but electrical insulation between contacts is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical insulationVSAvoidinsulation structure
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

An insulating spacer made of electrically insulating material is introduced as an intermediary element between the two fixed contacts. The wiper interacts with this spacer during switching operations, and the spacer provides reliable electrical insulation without requiring complex insulation structures or additional insulating components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Adaptability or versatility

If a wiper switch with three positions is implemented, then extended functionality is achieved, but assembly complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethree switching positionsVSAvoidassembly
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The wiper is designed as an integrated component that combines the switching contact function with a sealing element (circumferential surface). This merging of functions reduces the number of separate parts that need to be assembled, simplifying the assembly process while maintaining the three-position switching capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The switch offers enhanced switching behavior, stability, and cost-effectiveness by simplifying assembly, reducing parts, and providing noiseless actuation with constant contact force, improved sealing, and longer service life, making it suitable for harsh environments like motor vehicles.

Implementation Method 1

An elastic element, which is designed as a leaf spring coupled with the wiper for cooperation, acts together with the switching contact and/or the actuating member for resetting

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Data Source

PatentEP2057653B1Electrical switch
Publication Date: 2015.07.29 MARQUARDT GMBH
  • EP2057653B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2057653B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2057653B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to an electrical switch (1), in particular in the form of a microswitch and/or a snap-action switch, with a contact system (3) comprising a movable switching contact and at least one fixed contact (5). The switch (1) furthermore has a movable actuating member (7) for switching the contact system (3). The contact system (3) has two fixed contacts (5, 6) such that the switching contact can be moved against one fixed contact (5) corresponding to a first switching position and against the other fixed contact (6) corresponding to a second switching position when the contact system (3) is switched. In addition, the switching contact is capable of moving into a further, third switching position, which is located between the two fixed contacts (5, 6).