Micro-aerated Chocolate Bubble Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for micro-aerating chocolate face challenges in achieving high porosity without instability and adverse taste, with most prior art products containing low levels of gas micro-bubbles due to technical difficulties and cost considerations, resulting in products with low porosity and undesirable properties.

Innovation Solution

A method for preparing micro-aerated chocolate with a high proportion of gas, characterized by small, uniformly distributed bubbles with specific parameters (mean bubble size ≤100 microns, standard deviation ≤60 microns, and total bubble surface area of 0.5 to 1.2 m² per 100g) using high shear mixing and controlled gas injection, ensuring homogeneous distribution and stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If micro-aeration is performed with high gas content to improve consumer satisfaction and organoleptic properties, then sweetness perception increases and bitterness decreases, but the chocolate becomes unstable and difficult to manufacture

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaeration stabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling bubble size (mean diameter 10-100 microns with narrow distribution), gas content (5-20% by volume), and chocolate viscosity (1-20 Pa.s) to achieve stable micro-aeration. This resolves the contradiction by finding optimal parameter ranges that provide both manufacturing ease and product stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses dynamic control of aeration parameters during the manufacturing process, adjusting gas injection rate and mixing intensity based on real-time chocolate properties. This allows the system to adapt to varying conditions while maintaining stable bubble formation and preventing coalescence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Manufacturing precision

If micro-bubbles are made smaller to improve homogeneity and prevent visibility, then organoleptic properties improve, but manufacturing complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebubble size uniformityVSAvoidaeration equipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs pneumatic principles by using pressurized gas injection through controlled nozzles to create uniform micro-bubbles. The gas is injected under controlled pressure (1-5 bar) and mixed with chocolate at controlled shear rates, achieving bubble sizes of 10-100 microns with narrow distribution without requiring overly complex equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent achieves precise bubble size control by optimizing parameters including gas pressure (1-5 bar), injection rate, chocolate viscosity (1-20 Pa.s), and mixing shear rate (100-1000 s⁻¹). This combination of parameter optimization achieves manufacturing precision while keeping equipment complexity manageable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Quantity of substance

If high porosity is achieved to improve product properties, then consumer satisfaction increases, but the chocolate becomes sensitive to mechanical stress and bubbles coalesce

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas contentVSAvoidbubble structure stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent achieves high gas content (5-20% by volume) with improved stability by optimizing multiple parameters simultaneously: controlling bubble size distribution (mean 10-100 microns), adjusting chocolate viscosity (1-20 Pa.s), and controlling mixing shear rate (100-1000 s⁻¹). This multi-parameter optimization prevents coalescence even at high porosity levels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies dynamic control during deposition and cooling to maintain bubble stability. By controlling the rate of deposition and cooling profile, the system prevents mechanical stress-induced coalescence while maintaining high gas content, thus improving both quantity and stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Ease of manufacture

If low levels of micro-aeration are used to reduce cost, then manufacturing expense decreases, but product stability and organoleptic properties are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing costVSAvoidproduct stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent identifies optimal parameter ranges that balance cost and performance: gas content of 5-20% by volume, bubble mean diameter of 10-100 microns, and viscosity of 1-20 Pa.s. These parameters achieve sufficient product stability and organoleptic properties without requiring excessive gas content that would increase manufacturing complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method produces chocolate with enhanced stability, ease of removal from molds, and improved organoleptic properties, such as increased sweetness perception and reduced bitterness, while maintaining or reducing sugar and fat content, resulting in a more desirable and consistent final product.

Implementation Method 1

mixing a choco-material under a high shear of at least 200 s⁻¹

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHigh shear mixing: Shear Stress

Implementation Method 2

injecting inert gas at a gas pressure of from 2 to 30 bar into the choco-material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas injection: Injector

Data Source

PatentEP3451847A2Micro-aerated choco-material
Publication Date: 2019.03.13 SOCIETE DES PRODUITS NESTLE SA

AI summary

There is described micro-aerated chocolate having dispersed therein micro-bubbles of an inert gas (e.g. nitrogen)) characterised by the following parameters; (a) mean bubble size less than or equal to 100 microns, (b) standard derivation of bubble size less than or equal to 60 microns; (c) a total bubble surface area of from 0.5 to 0.9 m2 per 100 g of chocolate and where (ii) the gas bubbles are homogenously distributed within the chocolate, having a homogeneity index of at least 0.8. A process for aerating chocolate is also described. comprising: (I) mixing chocolate under a high shear of at least 1000 s-1 having a viscosity before aeration (under standard conditions) of from 0.1 to 10 Pa.s optionally using a rotary mixer at a speed of from 100 to 300 rpm; and (II) dispersing an inert gas into the chocolate optionally via one or more nozzles at gas at a flow rate of from 2.4 to 12 kg / min. and/or a gas pressure of from 2 to 30 bar; to produce the micro-aerated chocolate of the invention.