Microbial Capsule Anti-Seepage Device for Tunnel Fissures
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional tunnel anti-seepage methods, such as pressure grouting and microbial grouting, face issues like environmental pollution, excessive pressure causing fissure expansion, and limited grouting range, which hinder effective water seepage prevention in tunnel engineering.
Innovation Solution
A microorganism curing anti-seepage device using multi-layer microbial capsules that decompose layer by layer, releasing bacteria, nutrient solution, and curing solution under low pressure, allowing for controlled calcium carbonate precipitation to fill fissures without solidification at the grouting port, ensuring wide-range anti-seepage without expanding fissures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional pressure grouting is used to block seepage water fissures, then anti-seepage effect is improved, but environmental pollution occurs and fissures may expand due to excessive pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical state and delivery parameters of grouting materials from traditional high-pressure liquid/grout injection to low-pressure capsule transmission. The capsules maintain structural integrity during transport and only release contents at the target location, fundamentally altering the delivery mechanism to eliminate pressure-induced fissure expansion and environmental pollution
Solution Approach 2:
The grouting system is segmented into discrete capsules, each containing specific grouting materials (bacteria, nutrients, calcium chloride). This segmentation allows precise delivery to target fissures without affecting surrounding areas, preventing both environmental pollution and unintended fissure expansion while maintaining effective anti-seepage treatment
2Area of stationary object
If microbial grouting solution is injected under high pressure to reach deep fissures, then grouting range is improved, but fissures expand and early solidification at grouting port hinders subsequent slurry migration
Solution Approach 1:
The capsules are pre-loaded with all necessary grouting materials (bacteria, nutrients, calcium chloride) in a stable, non-reactive state. This preliminary preparation allows the capsules to be transported to deep fissures under low pressure without premature reaction or solidification, ensuring the full grouting range is achieved while maintaining fissure stability and subsequent slurry flowability
Solution Approach 2:
The capsule acts as an intermediary carrier that protects the grouting materials during transport and enables controlled release at the target location. This intermediary structure prevents early solidification at the grouting port by isolating the materials until they reach the deep fissures, thereby maintaining both grouting range and slurry migration capability
3Reliability
If cement grouting is used to fill voids, then anti-seepage effect is improved, but cement particles are too large for micro fissures and hardened cement precipitates water causing new seepage channels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent fundamentally changes the physical form of grouting materials from large cement particles to micro-scale biological and chemical substances encapsulated in small capsules. This parameter change enables penetration into micro fissures that are inaccessible to traditional cement grout, while the controlled in-situ solidification prevents water precipitation issues
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical cement grouting system with a biological-chemical system. Instead of forcing large cement particles into fissures under high pressure, the system uses microcapsules containing bacteria and chemicals that react in-situ to form solidification products, enabling precise filling of micro fissures without the drawbacks of cement particle size and water precipitation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device achieves effective and environmentally friendly anti-seepage by ensuring the microbial components reach deep fissures, preventing water seepage while avoiding solidification hindrances, thus enhancing the grouting range and stability of tunnel structures.
Implementation Method 1
the capsule outer membrane is hydrolyzed, the capsule inner membrane and the foaming agent outer membrane migrate separately... When the capsule inner membrane is rapidly hydrolyzed... After the microbial protective membrane is decomposed... After a few days of microbial development and reproduction, the decomposition of the polyvinyl alcohol membrane is completed
Implementation Method 2
the calcium carbonate induced by microorganisms is deposited to fill the fissures... After overflowing, calcium chloride powders solidify with the microorganisms and produce calcium carbonate precipitation, thereby achieve the effect of anti-seepage of micro-fissures
Implementation Method 3
After encountering the air enriched in the invalid fissures, the volume of the substances in the foaming agent outer membrane are immediately expanded, for quickly blocking ports of the invalid fissures
Data Source
AI summary
A microorganism curing anti-seepage device based on capsule transmission and control includes a stock bin which includes a mixing bin and an oil storage bin separated from the mixing bin. A feed pipe and an oil injection pipe are provided on the stock bin. A central shaft is rotatably provided within the mixing bin. A stirring component is provided on the central shaft. A delivery pipe is provided at a bottom portion of the mixing bin, an oil conduit is provided at a bottom portion of the oil storage bin, a jet pipe is provided at a junction of the oil conduit and the delivery pipe. Since microbial capsules are decomposed layer by layer, after the microbial capsules reach fissures, the microbial bacteria, the nutrient solution and the curing liquid are released step by step, and then calcium carbonate is induced by microorganisms to achieve solidification and anti-seepage of fissures.