Microbial Gene Oil Exploration Method
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current microbial exploration methods for oil and gas based on genetic testing do not fully consider differences in microorganisms across target exploration areas, leading to invalid or interference data and inaccurate determination of exploration areas, and lack a specialized preservation agent for soil samples containing oil and gas microorganisms.
Innovation Solution
An oil and gas exploration method involving high-throughput sequencing to establish a microbial species composition pattern, screening characteristic microorganisms, designing primers for fluorescence quantitative PCR, and developing a specialized preservation agent to protect soil samples, including DNA extraction and multi-disciplinary data integration for precise oil and gas area determination.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If microbial exploration methods based on genetic testing are used to detect abnormal numbers of specific microorganisms, then detection indexes and microbial genetic information can be obtained, but the method does not fully consider differences of microorganisms in different target exploration areas, leading to invalid data or interference data and incorrect determination of exploration areas
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by establishing region-specific microbial pattern maps that reflect the unique microbial characteristics of different exploration areas. Instead of using a universal detection approach, the method tailors the microbial indicators and pattern recognition to local conditions, thereby improving measurement precision while adapting to regional differences.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs preliminary action by conducting high-throughput sequencing and establishing microbial pattern maps for different exploration areas before actual exploration. This pre-characterization of microbial communities allows the method to account for regional differences in advance, preventing the generation of invalid data and improving the accuracy of exploration area determination.
2Loss of information
If high-throughput sequencing is conducted to establish microbial species composition pattern maps, then characteristic microorganisms can be identified, but the process requires specialized preservation agents to maintain DNA integrity during sample collection and storage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a specialized preservation agent as an intermediary substance between the soil sample and the DNA extraction process. This agent prevents DNA degradation during sample storage and transport, thereby preventing information loss without requiring complex equipment or procedures. The preservation agent acts as a mediator that maintains DNA integrity under field conditions.
3Productivity
If fluorescence quantitative PCR is used to detect total bacterial count and viable bacterial count abnormalities, then bacterial lines can be plotted and combined with geological data to evaluate petroleum resources, but the method lacks extraction of microbial information for forward-modeling of well positions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the extraction principle by specifically isolating and analyzing characteristic microorganisms and their genetic information from complex soil samples. Through high-throughput sequencing and pattern recognition, the method extracts relevant microbial indicators that can be used for forward-modeling well positions, thereby preventing loss of critical information while maintaining evaluation efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method effectively predicts oil and gas distribution by identifying effective bacteria, reducing data noise, and achieving superior prediction results with high coincidence rates with known wells and trap lines, while the preservation agent ensures long-term DNA integrity.
Implementation Method 1
DNA is extracted and subjected to high-throughput sequencing (HTS)
Implementation Method 2
primers are designed according to attribute characters of the characteristic microorganisms to directly conduct fluorescence quantitative PCR
Implementation Method 3
a special preservation agent for preservation of a soil sample including oil and gas microorganisms is developed
Data Source
AI summary
An oil and gas exploration method based on a microbial gene is provided, where samples are collected from shallow surface layers above a known oil well, a gas well, and a dry well in an exploration area, DNA is extracted and subjected to high-throughput sequencing (HTS), and a pattern map of a microbial community composition in the exploration area is established according to sequencing results; and characteristic microorganisms in surface soil above an oil/gas well in the exploration area are screened out according to the pattern map, then primers are designed according to attribute characters of the characteristic microorganisms, and samples throughout the exploration area are subjected to fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect a number of the characteristic microorganisms.