Microcircuit Anomaly Tracking via Dedicated Memory Write

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for protecting microcircuits against fault injection attacks are vulnerable to detection and can be circumvented by attackers, particularly due to differences in current consumption during normal and abnormal operations, which may lead to slowed operations and potential data loss.

Innovation Solution

A method and device that verify normal operation in microcircuits, writing a first datum to a first address when operation is normal and a second datum to a second address when abnormal, with the second address pointing to a dedicated memory area and including an identifier of abnormal operation, ensuring a write of the same number of bytes as in normal operation to maintain anomaly tracking without detectable changes in current consumption.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a trace of abnormal operation is written to memory to identify the origin of the anomaly, then the security anomaly can be tracked and protection functions can be triggered, but the current consumption changes making the write detectable by attackers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveanomaly tracking capabilityVSAvoiddetectability by fault injection attacks
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a copy of the normal write operation pattern. When an anomaly is detected, instead of writing a small trace byte that changes consumption signature, the system performs a copy of the full normal write operation (same number of bytes, same timing characteristics) but stores it in a dedicated memory area. This copying approach maintains the current consumption signature while still recording the anomaly for later detection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent designates a specific memory area with special properties for storing anomaly traces. This dedicated memory zone has the quality of being writable under both normal and abnormal conditions, and its content is consulted during card startup to detect anomalies. By localizing the trace storage to this specific area with specialized handling, the system can track anomalies without affecting the overall current consumption profile visible to attackers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Object-affected harmful factors

If decoy writes are implemented to simulate writing in a secure zone during normal operation, then the current consumption signature is maintained, but additional processing time slows down the overall operation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetectability by fault injection attacksVSAvoidoperation speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent prepares the system in advance by establishing a dedicated memory area and setting up the anomaly detection logic before any attack occurs. The verification module is pre-configured to check for abnormal operations, and the memory structure is pre-arranged to accommodate both normal data and anomaly traces. This preliminary preparation eliminates the need for time-consuming decoy writes during normal operation, as the system is already structured to handle both cases efficiently.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a dynamic write operation that adapts based on the operational state. The write module verifies whether the current operation is normal or abnormal and dynamically adjusts its behavior: during normal operation, it performs standard writes without additional overhead; when an anomaly is detected, it automatically redirects the write to the dedicated memory area. This dynamic adaptation eliminates the need for continuous decoy writes, maintaining high productivity during normal operation while still providing security during abnormal conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Productivity

If the number of bytes written during anomaly tracking is reduced to minimize impact, then the processing time is reduced, but the current consumption changes making detection easier

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperation speedVSAvoiddetectability by fault injection attacks
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameters of the write operation based on the operational state. During normal operation, the write operation uses standard parameters (full byte count, standard timing). When an anomaly is detected, the system changes the parameter of write destination (to dedicated memory area) while maintaining the byte count and timing parameters identical to normal operations. This parameter adaptation allows the system to reduce processing overhead while maintaining the current consumption signature that prevents detection by fault injection attacks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2860669B1Method implemented in a microcircuit and related device
Publication Date: 2020.11.25 IDEMIA FRANCE SAS
  • EP2860669B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2860669B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP2860669B1 patent drawingFigure 4a~4d

AI summary

The invention relates to a method implemented in a microcircuit and comprising a verification step (20) of the normal operation of the microcircuit, followed by a writing step (22; 24) of data (An, A'n) to an address (@A; @A'). When the verification step detects that the microcircuit is not functioning normally, part of the data written during normal operation is replaced by an identifier of the abnormal operation, and the address points to a dedicated memory area of ​​the microcircuit.