Microfluidic Analyser Pneumatic Cartridge Interface
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional in-vitro biosensing and diagnostics processes are subjective, time-consuming, and require extensive training and specialized infrastructure, limiting their efficiency and accessibility, especially in resource-limited settings and for timely clinical outcomes.
Innovation Solution
A compact, automated microfluidic analyser that processes biological samples with minimal manual intervention, using a platform with a fluid control unit and optical unit for simultaneous analysis of multiple samples, capable of real-time data transmission to a cloud server, and equipped with a pneumatic unit for reagent and waste management, allowing for portable use in remote locations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional in-vitro biosensing processes are used, then diagnostic analysis can be performed, but the process is subjective, time-consuming, and requires extensive training and specialized infrastructure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical operations with an automated microfluidic system that uses integrated pumps, valves, and fluid control mechanisms to automatically handle sample processing, reagent mixing, and waste removal, eliminating the need for manual pipetting and laboratory equipment operation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple diagnostic functions including sample processing, reagent storage, mixing chambers, and waste collection into a single integrated microfluidic cartridge, allowing all operations to occur in one device without requiring separate laboratory equipment or multiple manual steps
2Measurement precision
If conventional biosensing equipment is used, then accurate biomarker detection is achieved, but extensive training and specialized infrastructure are required
Solution Approach 1:
The microfluidic system performs self-diagnosis and automated sample processing without requiring operator intervention for complex tasks. The device automatically controls fluid flow, mixing, and detection processes, making it operable by personnel with minimal training while maintaining diagnostic accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The device is designed as a universal platform that can perform multiple diagnostic functions including different bioassay types, sample preparations, and detection methods within a single integrated system, eliminating the need for specialized equipment for each test type
3Adaptability or versatility
If manual sample handling is performed, then flexibility is maintained, but subjectivity and variability are introduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual handling operations with automated microfluidic mechanisms including programmable pumps, controlled valves, and robotic sample manipulation, which execute standardized protocols consistently without human variability while maintaining the ability to adapt to different test requirements through software control
4Reliability
If specialized infrastructure is used, then diagnostic capability is ensured, but portability and accessibility are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the diagnostic system into a portable handheld device containing only essential components (sensor, processor, display) and a separate disposable microfluidic cartridge containing all reagents and processing chambers, allowing the main device to be lightweight and portable while the cartridge provides reliable diagnostic functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses disposable single-use microfluidic cartridges that contain all necessary reagents and processing components, eliminating the need for expensive, heavy laboratory infrastructure. Each cartridge is pre-filled and sealed, providing reliable diagnostic capability in a lightweight, portable format suitable for remote locations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The microfluidic analyser reduces subjectivity and training requirements, enhances processing speed, and eliminates the need for specialized infrastructure, enabling efficient and timely diagnostics with minimal resources, facilitating optimal clinical outcomes in remote settings.
Implementation Method 1
The optical unit comprises an optical sensor to detect presence of a fluorescence biomarker in the biological sample held in the at least one cartridge
Data Source
AI summary
Examples of a microfluidic analyser (100, 200A, 200B, 200C) for in-vitro biosensing and analysis of a biological sample are described. The microfluidic analyser comprises a platform (102, 202A, 202B, 202C, 402A, 402B, 500) to hold at least one cartridge (300) carrying a biological sample and at least one reagent. The microfluidic analyser includes a fluid control unit (108, 1000) having needles (110, 1002, 1102) to pierceably connect with sealed ends (304) of the cartridge to establish a fluid connection with the cartridge, and a pneumatic unit (112, 1004, 1202) to provide at least one of a positive pressure and a negative pressure to the cartridge. The microfluidic analyser includes an optical unit (104, 600) comprising an optical sensor (124, 604, 800) to detect presence of a fluorescence biomarker in biological sample held in the cartridge.