Microfluidic Chip Diversion Structure for Antibody Redissolution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Microfluidic chips face issues with uneven sample distribution and retention during liquid inlet, leading to reduced detection efficiency and accuracy due to ineffective redissolution of lyophilized antibodies in the reaction zone.
Innovation Solution
A microfluidic flow channel structure with division zones and a reaction zone, featuring a diversion structure that creates multiple liquid outlets and velocity components to enhance flow velocity and shear forces, facilitating better antibody redissolution and sample utilization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If a conventional microfluidic chip structure is used, then the device complexity is low, but the sample distribution is uneven and sample retention occurs during liquid inlet
Solution Approach 1:
The flow channel is divided into multiple division zones (first division zone, second division zone, etc.) separated by division walls. Each division zone has its own liquid inlet and diversion structure, allowing independent control and distribution of samples to different reaction zones, thereby achieving uniform sample distribution without excessive overall complexity
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the flow channel are designed with different characteristics: division zones with diversion structures for sample distribution, reaction zones for antibody-redissolved sample reactions, and specific geometric configurations (e.g., trapezoidal flow channels) to optimize local flow patterns and prevent retention
2Measurement precision
If a conventional microfluidic chip structure is used, then the device complexity is low, but the detection accuracy and precision are reduced due to sample retention
Solution Approach 1:
The flow channel incorporates dynamic flow control through diversion structures that can direct liquid flow to different paths. The trapezoidal flow channel geometry and division walls create dynamic flow patterns that prevent sample retention and ensure complete redissolution of antibodies, thereby improving detection precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces vertical dimension complexity through multi-layer stacking of division zones and reaction zones. This three-dimensional arrangement increases the surface area for sample distribution and reaction, improving detection accuracy while managing complexity through vertical integration rather than horizontal expansion
3Speed
If lyophilized antibodies are used in the reaction zone, then the antibody storage stability is improved, but the redissolution efficiency is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The flow channel structure is designed in advance to facilitate rapid redissolution: division zones with diversion structures pre-positioned to direct liquid flow over the lyophilized antibody zones, trapezoidal geometries that optimize wetting and dissolution, ensuring fast redissolution before the reaction begins
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes hydraulic flow dynamics to enhance redissolution: controlled liquid flow rates through division zones, pressure gradients created by the diversion structures, and flow patterns that maximize contact between liquid and lyophilized antibodies, achieving rapid and complete redissolution
4Productivity
If the flow channel structure is simplified, then the manufacturing cost is reduced, but the sample utilization is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The division walls and diversion structures serve multiple functions: they guide liquid flow, distribute samples uniformly, prevent retention, and facilitate rapid redissolution of antibodies. This multi-functionality increases sample utilization without requiring separate components for each function
Solution Approach 2:
The flow channel structure ensures continuous and uniform sample distribution through all division zones and reaction zones. The diversion structures maintain continuous liquid flow over the lyophilized antibodies, ensuring complete redissolution and maximum sample utilization without interruption or waste
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design improves the redissolving speed of lyophilized antibodies, reduces reaction time, and increases the accuracy and precision of detection, while enhancing sample utilization and throughput in microfluidic chip applications.
Implementation Method 1
the diversion structure at least includes a first diversion wall, which is arranged opposite the first division wall; a first division channel is formed between the first diversion wall and the first division wall
Data Source
AI summary
A microfluidic flow channel structure and a microfluidic chip are described. The microfluidic flow channel structure includes a main chamber, wherein the main chamber includes at least two division zones and a reaction zone, and the at least two division zones are respectively connected with the reaction zone, wherein each division zone includes a first division wall, and the first division wall is provided with an opening for liquid inlet; a diversion structure is arranged at the opening of at least one division zone, and the diversion structure at least includes a first diversion wall, which is arranged opposite the first division wall; a first division channel is formed between the first diversion wall and the first division wall, and the first division channel includes at least two liquid outlets.