Microfluidic Interrogation Apparatus with Optical Detection Zones
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current microfluidic systems face challenges in efficiently performing multiple cell-based assays and volumetric particle counting with high accuracy and reliability, particularly in determining the presence and volume of samples within consumable flow cells.
Innovation Solution
A microfluidic interrogation apparatus incorporating a high-quality glass capillary tube within a plastic housing, featuring three optical detection areas for Start, Stop, and Reservoir Full detection, and a pipette instrument with digital board, microprocessor, and optical detectors for precise fluid handling and particle analysis, enabling simultaneous optical detection and volumetric counting.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple optical detectors are used for simultaneous detection, then measurement precision and reliability are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The flow cell is divided into multiple distinct detection zones (first optical detection area, second optical detection area, third optical detection area) along the fluid flow path. Each zone is equipped with its own optical detector, allowing simultaneous independent measurement of different parameters (particle presence, volume, concentration) without interference, thereby improving measurement precision while maintaining manageable system complexity through modular spatial segmentation.
2Measurement precision
If known-volume channels are used for volumetric counting, then measurement precision is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses optical detectors to detect the actual fluid meniscus position in real-time as it passes through the known-volume channel. This feedback information is used to precisely determine the start and stop points of volumetric measurement, compensating for any manufacturing variations in channel dimensions. The feedback mechanism allows the system to achieve high volumetric counting accuracy without requiring extremely tight manufacturing tolerances on the channel geometry.
3Productivity
If automated sample processing is implemented, then productivity is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The flow cell is pre-configured with defined detection zones and known-volume channels before sample introduction. The system automatically detects fluid presence and initiates measurement sequences without manual intervention. This preliminary setup enables automated, high-speed sample processing while keeping the automation logic relatively simple, as the physical structure itself encodes the measurement protocol.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-performance, multi-test capabilities with precise sample analysis and recollection, improving the accuracy and reliability of cell and particle counting, and allowing for automated sample processing and data storage.
Implementation Method 1
three optical detection areas for Start, Stop, and Reservoir Full detection
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus includes a body having at least one channel disposed therein configured to permit fluid flow therethrough. A first portion of the at least one channel is configured to permit interrogation of particles carried by a fluid passing therethrough by a sensor device external to the body. The body further has an entry aperture fluidly coupling the at least one channel to ambient and configured to receive the fluid into the at least one channel. The apparatus further includes first and second sensor elements. The first element is positioned to permit detection of flow of the fluid upstream of a second portion of the at least one channel, and the second element is positioned to permit detection of flow of the fluid downstream of the second portion of the at least one channel.