Microgrid CHP Control Using MPC Efficiency Target Feedback

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Solution Overview

Problem

Microgrid energy management systems face challenges in maintaining consistent and efficient Combined Heat and Power (CHP) device performance due to external factors and difficulty in predicting efficiency, leading to suboptimal operation and increased costs.

Innovation Solution

A Model Predictive Control (MPC)-based energy management system that sets a CHP efficiency target, updates historical data, computes efficiency values, and adjusts an efficiency weight parameter to achieve the target, optimizing CHP output while considering historical and forecast data, thereby improving flexibility and reducing operational costs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional energy management methods are used without MPC-based control, then the system operation is simpler to implement, but the CHP device efficiency cannot be maintained consistently and operational costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveCHP device efficiency consistencyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The MPC-based energy management system implements continuous feedback loops that monitor CHP device performance, compare actual efficiency against target efficiency, and dynamically adjust operational parameters. This feedback mechanism ensures consistent efficiency maintenance by constantly correcting deviations, directly resolving the reliability issue while the automated nature of the feedback reduces the need for manual intervention despite the increased system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary actions by predicting future CHP device performance and operational conditions using historical data and computational models. By proactively adjusting control parameters before efficiency deviations occur, the system prevents efficiency inconsistencies rather than reacting to them, thereby improving reliability while the predictive capability is integrated into the existing control architecture to manage complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If MPC-based control with efficiency weight parameter adjustment is implemented, then operational costs are reduced and efficiency is optimized, but the control algorithm and data processing requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveCHP output optimizationVSAvoidcontrol algorithm complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The efficiency weight parameter is made dynamic rather than static, allowing it to be automatically adjusted based on real-time operational conditions, historical performance data, and predictive models. This dynamic adjustment enables the system to optimize CHP output adaptively across varying conditions, improving productivity while the parameter tuning is automated through the MPC framework, preventing exponential growth in control algorithm complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system utilizes parameter changes by modifying the efficiency weight parameter within the objective function based on accumulated historical data and performance trends. This parameter adaptation allows the control algorithm to learn from past operations and continuously improve optimization effectiveness, enhancing productivity while the parameter changes are systematically managed through data-driven updates rather than complex algorithmic transformations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If historical data updating and forecast data integration are performed continuously, then the CHP efficiency prediction and control accuracy improve, but the data processing time and computational load increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveCHP efficiency measurement accuracyVSAvoiddata processing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements periodic action by updating historical data and recalculating predictions at fixed time intervals rather than continuously. This periodic updating maintains measurement precision by ensuring data freshness and model accuracy while significantly reducing computational load and processing time compared to continuous updates, as the system only performs intensive data processing at scheduled intervals between which lighter monitoring operations occur

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies partial action by selectively updating and processing only the most critical data elements and parameters needed for CHP efficiency prediction, rather than processing all available data continuously. This selective approach maintains measurement precision for key efficiency metrics while reducing overall data processing time and computational resources required, focusing computational effort on the most impactful parameters

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP4270711A1Methods and systems for controlling a CHP device in a microgrid
Publication Date: 2023.11.01 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC IND SAS
  • EP4270711A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4270711A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4270711A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for controlling a combined heat and power device of a microgrid, the method comprising at least the steps of setting a CHP efficiency target corresponding to a minimum value of the CHP efficiency over an evaluation period; updating historical data regarding the microgrid over a time step; computing a value of the CHP efficiency based on the updated historical data; comparing the CHP efficiency target and the computed CHP efficiency value; and updating an efficiency weight parameter based on the comparison to achieve the CHP efficiency target over the evaluation period.