Microgrid Coupling Circuit for Abrupt Load Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge lies in efficiently coupling and managing a variety of small, distributed power sources with different voltage, frequency, and capacity outputs to an AC power system, particularly in scenarios like natural disasters where quick and cost-effective electrical connections are needed, and existing systems face issues with voltage fluctuations and fault propagation.
Innovation Solution
A microgrid system with a DC bus, primary and secondary converter modules, and an auxiliary DC power storage device that transfers power from external sources to an AC system, managing abrupt load changes by sourcing or sinking auxiliary DC power to maintain stable power transfer and isolate faults.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If distributed generator units with varying output characteristics are electrically coupled at a common location, then the ability to provide local power generation is improved, but the complexity of interconnection equipment increases and costs rise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a common coupling circuit as an intermediary device between distributed generator units and the power system. This coupling circuit provides standardized connection points and control mechanisms, simplifying the interconnection of diverse generator units with different output characteristics while maintaining system compatibility
Solution Approach 2:
The coupling circuit is designed with universal functionality to accommodate multiple types of distributed generator units (AC and DC output, different voltages and frequencies). The circuit can selectively connect different generator types to the common power system through standardized interfaces, reducing the need for specialized interconnection equipment for each generator type
2Loss of energy
If voltage is stepped up for high-voltage bulk power transmission, then transmission efficiency is improved, but the difficulty of procuring right of way and environmental costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the centralized bulk power transmission system into distributed local generation units. Instead of transmitting power over long distances through high-voltage lines requiring extensive right of way, multiple smaller generation units are distributed near consumption points, eliminating the need for long-distance high-voltage transmission infrastructure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a single-dimensional centralized transmission model to a multi-dimensional distributed generation model. Power generation is distributed across multiple locations and voltage levels rather than concentrated at remote high-voltage stations, fundamentally changing the spatial and organizational structure of the power system
3Ease of manufacture
If small power sources are used to reduce transmission line facility costs, then transmission infrastructure costs are reduced, but uniformity in output characteristics decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The coupling circuit acts as an intermediary that standardizes the interface between diverse small power sources and the power system. It provides unified connection points, voltage regulation, and frequency synchronization mechanisms, allowing non-uniform generator outputs to be seamlessly integrated into the standardized power distribution network
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient, flexible, and reliable electrical coupling of diverse power sources, stabilizing voltage and frequency, and ensuring continuous power supply even under abrupt load changes or faults, thus addressing the challenges of traditional systems.
Implementation Method 1
an auxiliary DC power storage device electrically coupled to the DC bus, and operable to source or sink auxiliary DC power to the DC bus
Implementation Method 2
a primary converter module electrically coupled between the DC bus and a first external power source, and operable to transfer an initial amount of power received from the first external power source to the DC bus
Implementation Method 3
a secondary converter module electrically coupled between the DC bus and the AC power system, and operable to transfer power received from the DC bus to the AC power system
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method for responding to abrupt load changes on a power system transfers an initial amount of power from an external power source to the AC power system through a secondary converter module; senses an abrupt load change occurring-on the AC power system; and transfers auxiliary direct current (DC) power to the secondary converter module.