Microgrid Input Power Control Modules for Diverse Source Integration
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge lies in efficiently coupling and managing a variety of small, distributed power sources with different voltage, frequency, and capacity outputs to an electrical grid, particularly in scenarios where traditional large power generation facilities are difficult to build and maintain, such as due to environmental concerns, and there is a need for quick and cost-effective interconnection solutions, especially during emergencies like natural disasters.
Innovation Solution
A microgrid system utilizing input power conversion (IPC) modules that can convert both AC and DC power sources to a nominal voltage, allowing for flexible and rapid connection of multiple power sources to an AC power system, with features like modular design, transportability, and built-in redundancy for reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If multiple distributed power sources with different voltage, frequency, and capacity are electrically connected at a common location, then the ability to provide diverse power generation is improved, but the complexity of interconnection equipment increases and costs rise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a common coupling device with a DC bus as an intermediary between distributed power sources and the AC power system. This DC bus serves as a universal interface that receives power from various DC and AC sources (through rectifiers) and distributes it uniformly, eliminating the need for complex source-specific interconnection equipment while maintaining adaptability to diverse power sources
2Loss of energy
If traditional large power generation facilities are built, then bulk power transmission efficiency is improved, but environmental pollution and siting difficulties worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the centralized large-scale power generation system into multiple distributed small-scale power generation units located near end users. Each unit operates independently and connects to the common coupling device, enabling local power production that eliminates long-distance transmission needs while avoiding environmental issues associated with large centralized facilities
3Loss of energy
If voltage is stepped up for high-voltage transmission, then transmission efficiency is improved, but the need for high-voltage infrastructure and right of way increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the power system into distributed local generation units that produce power near consumption points. This segmentation eliminates the need for long-distance high-voltage transmission infrastructure and associated right of way requirements, as each distributed unit serves its local area independently
4Ease of manufacture
If small distributed power sources are used, then transmission line facility costs are reduced, but uniformity in output characteristics decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a DC bus as an intermediary that standardizes the interface for all distributed power sources. Regardless of each source's native output characteristics, they all convert to DC and connect to the common DC bus, which then uniformly interfaces with the AC power system through a single coupling device, achieving both cost reduction and output uniformity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient and cost-effective integration of diverse power sources, enhances system reliability by isolating faults, and allows for quick deployment in emergency situations without the need for extensive infrastructure, thereby stabilizing power supply.
Implementation Method 1
a first converter coupled to the DC bus and operable to receive power from a first external power source, wherein the first converter converts received power to DC power at the nominal DC voltage
Implementation Method 2
an output power converter coupled between the DC bus and the AC power system that converts DC power received from the first converter and the second converter into output AC power at a nominal AC voltage of the AC power system
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method for transferring power from power sources to an AC power system are disclosed. Briefly described, one embodiment electrically couples an external AC power source to a first input power control (IPC) module that is rated at a first AC input power capacity and that is rated at a first direct current (DC) input power capacity, operates the first IPC module up to the first AC input power capacity in response to receiving AC power from an external AC power source, electrically couples an external DC power source to a second IPC module that is rated at a second AC input power capacity and that is rated at a second DC input power capacity, and operates the second IPC module up to the second DC input power capacity in response to receiving DC power from an external DC power source.