Microgrid Power Apportionment Using a DC Link Bus
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Solution Overview
Problem
Microgrids face challenges in efficiently managing power from multiple, varied sources, including renewable and non-renewable energy, to ensure consistent and reliable power delivery to loads, especially during interruptions or when sources have differing voltage levels and capacities.
Innovation Solution
A microgrid control system that detects and compares characteristic power features of multiple sources, determines an apportionment of power, and selectively connects these sources to provide power to a load based on the determined apportionment, using a DC link bus and control device to manage voltage and switch between sources, ensuring efficient power distribution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple power sources with differing voltage levels and capacities are connected to the microgrid, then power availability and reliability are improved, but system complexity and difficulty of power management increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically changes operational parameters by detecting characteristic power features (voltage, current, power capacity) of each source and adjusting the apportionment of power accordingly. The controller modifies connection states and power distribution ratios based on real-time parameter variations, enabling reliable power delivery from heterogeneous sources with different voltage levels and capacities.
Solution Approach 2:
The control system continuously detects power features of multiple sources, compares them against each other and against load requirements, and uses this feedback to determine optimal apportionment. The system monitors source availability, voltage levels, and power capacities, then adjusts connections and power distribution in response to changing conditions, maintaining reliability while managing complexity through closed-loop control.
2Power
If power is distributed from multiple sources simultaneously, then power capacity and availability are improved, but conversion losses and efficiency decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies partial action by selectively connecting only the necessary number and type of power sources based on current load requirements and source capabilities. Rather than always operating all sources simultaneously, the controller determines optimal apportionment that may involve using only one or two sources at a time, reducing unnecessary conversions and energy losses while maintaining adequate power capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller dynamically changes the operational state of power sources by adjusting which sources are connected and at what power levels. Based on detected characteristic features, the system optimizes the combination of sources to minimize conversion losses - for example, selecting sources with matching voltage levels or optimal efficiency operating points, thereby maintaining high power capacity with reduced energy waste.
3Adaptability or versatility
If voltage levels from different sources are matched through conversion, then compatibility with loads is improved, but conversion losses increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses an intermediary approach by introducing a intelligent control mechanism that mediates between sources of different voltage levels and the load. Rather than forcing direct connection or extensive voltage conversion, the controller acts as an intermediary that detects voltage levels, determines compatible source-load pairings, and manages power flow to achieve compatibility while minimizing conversion requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters by selectively connecting sources whose voltage levels naturally match or are close to load requirements. The controller adjusts the apportionment to favor sources with compatible voltage levels, reducing the need for voltage conversion. When conversion is necessary, it is minimized by optimizing the selection and combination of sources based on their electrical parameters.
Data Source
AI summary
A microgrid control system that can govern power provided to a load from various power sources. The microgrid control system can determine apportionment of power between the various sources based on characteristic power features of the various sources.