Micro-LED Subpixel Wiring and Microlens Layout for Light Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing display devices using micro- or nano-scale LEDs face challenges in achieving high light efficiency due to limitations in the design and arrangement of sub-pixels and conductive layers.
Innovation Solution
The display device incorporates a substrate with horizontally separated first, second, and third sub-pixels, each connected by electrically distinct wires, and includes a conductive layer configuration that receives different voltages, along with a circuit substrate and pixel array featuring semiconductor light-emitting structures, separation layers, reflective structures, and microlenses to enhance light emission efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If micro- or nano-scale LEDs are used in display devices, then the display device can achieve smaller size and higher resolution, but light extraction efficiency deteriorates due to the small scale and waveguide effect
Solution Approach 1:
A light extraction structure is introduced as an intermediary component between the light-emitting element and the external environment. This structure includes a light extraction layer with light extraction protrusions that have refractive indices different from the surrounding medium, serving as a mediator to enhance light extraction efficiency by reducing the waveguide effect in miniaturized LEDs
Solution Approach 2:
The refractive index parameter is changed by introducing materials with different refractive indices in the light extraction structure. The light extraction protrusions are formed with refractive indices different from the adjacent medium, altering the optical parameters to improve light extraction from miniaturized light-emitting elements
2Productivity
If sub-pixels are arranged closely to increase pixel density, then display resolution is improved, but electrical interference between adjacent wires increases
Solution Approach 1:
An insulating layer is introduced as an intermediary between adjacent conductive wires and sub-pixels. This intermediate layer electrically isolates the wires, preventing harmful electrical interference while allowing the wires to be closely spaced for high pixel density
Solution Approach 2:
The conductive wires are segmented into separate layers (first conductive layer, second conductive layer) with insulating layers between them. This segmentation electrically separates the wires, reducing interference while maintaining high spatial density for improved resolution
3Ease of operation
If the number of conductive layers is increased to improve electrical connectivity, then sub-pixel control is enhanced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple conductive layers are merged into a integrated structure where first and second conductive layers are combined with insulating layers to form a unified conductive system. This merging approach improves electrical connectivity while managing complexity through systematic integration rather than separate components
Solution Approach 2:
The multi-layer conductive structure serves multiple functions simultaneously: electrical connectivity for sub-pixel control, electrical isolation through insulating layers, and structural organization. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components, managing complexity while enhancing connectivity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution significantly improves light extraction and efficiency by optimizing the arrangement and electrical connectivity of sub-pixels, leading to enhanced display performance.
Implementation Method 1
a reflective structure covering sidewalls of the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting structures
Implementation Method 2
a plurality of microlenses on the back surface of the first conductive base semiconductor layer and overlapping the plurality of semiconductor light-emitting structures in the vertical direction
Implementation Method 3
a plurality of semiconductor light-emitting structures on the main surface of the first conductive base semiconductor layer
Implementation Method 4
semiconductor light-emitting structures including a first conductive semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive semiconductor layer sequentially stacked
Data Source
AI summary
A display device includes a substrate, first, second, and third sub-pixels arranged on the substrate and separated from each other in a horizontal direction, a first wire electrically connecting the first sub-pixels to each other, a second wire electrically connecting the second sub-pixels to each other, and the first wire is electrically separated from the second wire.