Microlens Schlieren Imaging for Transparent Sample Contrast
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Solution Overview
Problem
Observing transparent biological samples, such as cells and microorganisms, is challenging due to their transparency, which makes it difficult to generate clear images using conventional imaging techniques.
Innovation Solution
A schlieren imaging device with a microlens array and attenuating elements, such as opaque masks or phase-shifting elements, is used to block or attenuate light waves, forming a dark-field or phase-contrast image of the sample, allowing for non-destructive observation of transparent samples.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional imaging techniques are used to observe transparent biological samples, then the imaging process is simple and direct, but the transparency of the samples makes it difficult to generate clear images
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance (contrast agent or fluorescent label) that binds to the transparent biological sample to make it visible. This mediator absorbs or emits light at specific wavelengths, converting the invisible transparent sample into a visible image without requiring complex imaging system modifications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes color changes or fluorescence emission as the imaging mechanism. By employing contrast agents that absorb light at one wavelength and emit at another, or fluorescent labels that emit light upon excitation, the transparent sample becomes visible through optical property changes rather than direct light transmission
2Measurement precision
If labeling agents are used to make transparent samples visible, then image contrast is improved, but the sample may be altered or destroyed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs disposable microcapsules containing contrast agents that can be introduced into the sample environment. These microcapsules dissolve or disperse to release the contrast agent, providing temporary but effective enhancement for the duration of the imaging process without requiring permanent modification of the sample
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the optical parameters of the imaging system rather than the physical state of the sample. By adjusting illumination wavelength, detection wavelength, or using phase-contrast microscopy techniques, the system achieves enhanced contrast of transparent samples without introducing substances that could alter or damage the sample
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device produces clear, non-destructive images of transparent samples by blocking or phase-shifting light waves, highlighting scattering particles and enhancing image contrast, suitable for observing biological samples without the need for labeling agents.
Implementation Method 1
each microlens being configured to form, from light waves originating from the light source and propagating parallel to the propagation direction, a beam of light waves converging towards the image focus of said microlens
Implementation Method 2
each attenuating element being configured to attenuate light waves converging towards the image focus of the lens to which it is associated
Implementation Method 3
or a phase-shifting element, formed of a transparent material arranged to induce a phase shift, the phase shift being determined with respect to a light wave propagating in the absence of the attenuating element
Implementation Method 4
a light source, configured to emit a light wave along a propagation direction, along an emission wavelength
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
A device (1) for observing a sample, comprising: - a light source (10); - an image sensor (35), comprising several pixels (36); - a microlens array (30), comprising several converging microlenses (31), each microlens being positioned opposite a pixel, each microlens having an image focus, each microlens being configured to form, from light waves propagating in parallel incidence, a beam of light waves (13) converging towards the image focus of said microlens; - the device being configured to maintain the sample (20) between the light source and the microlens array; - the device being characterized in that it comprises several attenuating elements (32, 32'), each attenuating element being associated with a microlens and a pixel, each attenuating element being configured to attenuate the light waves converging towards the image focus of the lens to which it is associated.Fig. 1A.