Microplate Reader Linear Variable Filter Wavelength Selection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing microplate reader designs are inadequate for certain applications, lacking the flexibility to adjust wavelengths continuously for optimal sample analysis.
Innovation Solution
The microplate reader employs one or more pairs of linear variable filters to form wavelength selectors in the excitation and emission stages, allowing for continuous adjustment of center wavelength and bandwidth, combined with fixed optical filters, apertures, and polarization filters on movable frames, enabling precise wavelength selection and measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional microplate reader designs are used, then the device structure is simple, but the wavelength selection flexibility and analytical capability are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs linear variable filters that can be dynamically positioned transverse to the optical path to continuously adjust wavelength selection. The movable frames with filters can be repositioned to select different center wavelengths and bandwidths, transforming a static optical system into a dynamic one that adapts to various analytical requirements without requiring multiple fixed filter sets.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the parameters of wavelength selection by moving linear variable filters to different positions transverse to the optical path. This physical parameter change (filter position) translates to continuous adjustment of center wavelength and bandwidth, enabling infinite fine adjustment of spectral characteristics for different measurement modes.
2Measurement precision
If fixed optical filters are used for wavelength selection, then the device structure is simple, but the wavelength adjustment precision is limited
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using fixed filters at discrete positions, the patent employs linear variable filters on movable frames that can be continuously repositioned transverse to the optical path. This dynamic positioning enables continuous wavelength adjustment with infinite fine precision, far exceeding the discrete steps possible with fixed filter arrays.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical filter wheel or slide mechanisms with a linear variable filter system that uses translational movement of filters transverse to the optical path. This substitution enables smoother, more precise wavelength selection through continuous position adjustment rather than discrete mechanical steps.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple fixed filters are used to cover wide wavelength range, then the wavelength coverage is broad, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The linear variable filters on movable frames serve multiple functions: they can select different center wavelengths, adjust bandwidths, and adapt to various measurement modes (absorbance, fluorescence, luminescence, etc.). A single filter system replaces what would traditionally require multiple specialized filter sets, achieving universality across different analytical applications.
Solution Approach 2:
The dynamic repositioning of linear variable filters allows the system to adapt its wavelength selection characteristics in real-time based on the measurement requirements. This dynamic capability enables a single filter system to cover the entire wavelength range effectively, eliminating the need for multiple static filter assemblies.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration provides infinitely fine adjustment of wavelengths, enhancing the sensitivity and flexibility of optical measurements, such as fluorescence and luminescence assays, by allowing precise tuning of center wavelengths and passbands across a wide range, surpassing the limitations of conventional microplate readers.
Implementation Method 1
The first wavelength selector comprises a first pair of linear variable filters disposed in the optical path... Movement of at least one of the first and second linear variable filters, transverse to the optical path, adjusts at least one of a first center wavelength and a first bandwidth
Implementation Method 2
the first linear variable filter is movable transverse to the optical path and relative to the second linear variable filter... Movement of at least one of the first and second linear variable filters, transverse to the optical path
Implementation Method 3
The optical system comprises a plurality of optical elements configured to guide the light emitted by the light source along an optical path of the microplate reader from the light source to a microplate, and from the microplate to the detector
Implementation Method 4
a dichroic optical element disposed between the light source, the detector, and the microplate so as to direct the light emitted by the light source to the microplate, and to direct the light from the microplate to the detector
Data Source
AI summary
A microplate reader includes a pair of linear variable filters (LVFs) that together form a wavelength selector. Movement of one or both of the LVFs enables selection of the desired center wavelength and/or passband used to analyze a sample on a microplate inserted into the microplate reader. The microplate reader may also include a similar second wavelength selector. The LVFs are located on movable frames, with each frame also advantageously including least one of an aperture, a fixed optical filter, and an optical polarization filter. In some cases, different types of measurements may be taken without changing the geometry of the optical path between the wavelength selectors. The microplate reader may additionally use a LVF to form a continuously adjustable dichroic for sample analysis.