Microring Frequency Comb Stabilization Using Dual Optical References

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing optical frequency comb generation systems face challenges in achieving frequency stability, particularly in microring resonators where the f-2f stabilization technique is not applicable and RF source locking is not feasible at 100GHz line spacing.

Innovation Solution

An optical frequency comb generation system comprising a seed laser, an optical microring resonator, an optical tap apparatus, an optical frequency reference, and a frequency stabilization apparatus, which stabilizes two spectral lines of the optical frequency comb to the same optical frequency reference, enabling improved frequency stability without relying on f-2f self-referencing or RF source locking.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If f-2f self-referencing stabilization technique is used, then frequency stability is improved, but it cannot be applied to non-octave spanning combs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency stabilityVSAvoidapplicability to different comb types
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the frequency stabilization process by selecting two specific spectral lines from the comb spectrum and stabilizing them independently to two different reference frequencies. This allows the system to work with any comb type (octave-spanning or non-octave-spanning) without requiring the f-2f technique, thereby improving both reliability and adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal stabilization method that can be applied to all types of optical frequency combs regardless of their spectral range. By using two independent reference frequencies and two selectable spectral lines, the system achieves multi-functionality that encompasses both octave-spanning and non-octave-spanning combs, resolving the limitation of the f-2f technique.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Reliability

If frequency locking to RF source is performed, then frequency stability is improved, but it cannot be performed at 100GHz line spacing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency stabilityVSAvoidapplicability to different line spacing
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the RF-based frequency locking mechanism with an optical-based stabilization approach. By using two optical reference frequencies to stabilize two comb lines, the system eliminates the need for RF sources and electronic locking, thereby achieving frequency stability that is independent of line spacing and applicable to 100GHz combs and beyond.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from a one-dimensional frequency locking approach (single RF reference) to a two-dimensional optical stabilization approach (two optical references at different frequencies). This dimensional change allows the system to stabilize both the absolute frequency and the line spacing simultaneously, making it applicable to combs with any line spacing including 100GHz.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Reliability

If temperature control of MRR is used, then frequency stabilization is achieved, but it does not provide sufficient frequency stability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency stabilizationVSAvoidfrequency stability precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements active feedback stabilization by continuously monitoring the frequencies of two comb lines against two stable optical references and adjusting the MRR parameters accordingly. This feedback mechanism provides precise frequency control that far exceeds passive temperature control, achieving the high measurement precision required for advanced optical frequency comb applications.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a composite stabilization approach that combines multiple reference frequencies and multiple comb lines to create a robust frequency control system. This composite method leverages the strengths of different reference frequencies and comb line selections to achieve superior frequency stability that cannot be obtained through simple temperature control alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system achieves highly stable optical frequency combs with stable spectral line separation, applicable to both octave-spanning and non-octave-spanning combs, and outperforms temperature control methods in terms of frequency stabilization.

Implementation Method 1

combs with wide spectra are usually generated by mode-locked lasers or dispersion-engineered resonators with third-order Kerr nonlinearity

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectKerr nonlinearity: Kerr Effect

Implementation Method 2

The optical frequency reference has a first reference resonance frequency and a second reference resonance frequency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical resonance: Resonance

Data Source

PatentEP4553571A1Optical frequency comb generation
Publication Date: 2025.05.14 NKT PHOTONICS AS
  • EP4553571A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4553571A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4553571A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An optical frequency comb generation system (100) comprising: a seed laser (102) to generate cw seed light at a seed light optical frequency; a microring resonator (104) having an operating resonance frequency, for generating an optical frequency comb; optical tap apparatus (106, 108) configured to form first and second tap signals corresponding to first and second spectral line of the optical frequency comb; an optical frequency reference (110) having a first and second reference resonance frequencies, configured to output reflected parts of the first and second tap signals having first and second reflected optical powers respectively; and frequency stabilization apparatus (120) configured to: determine a first difference between the optical frequency of the first spectral line and the first reference resonance frequency; determine a second difference between the optical frequency of the second spectral line and the second reference resonance frequency; and generate a control signal to change the seed light optical frequency and/or the MRR operating resonance frequency to reduce the first difference and/or the second difference.