MicroRNA Analysis via Tunneling Current Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for analyzing microRNA base sequences and modifications are time-consuming, require large amounts of reagents, and are not directly effective in identifying nucleotides, especially for short microRNAs, due to their reliance on optical measurement technologies and instability in nanopore systems.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing a tunneling current to identify the base sequence and modification state of microRNAs by passing them between an electrode pair, detecting the tunneling current, and analyzing the modification state based on the generated pulses, which can also determine the condition of a subject by associating the microRNA data with accumulated patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional optical measurement technology is used to analyze microRNA base sequences, then base sequence analysis can be performed, but the process requires large amounts of reagents and is time consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces conventional optical measurement technology with electrical measurement technology. Specifically, it uses tunneling current detection through electrode pairs to identify base sequences and modifications, eliminating the need for fluorescent labels and PCR amplification, thereby reducing reagent consumption and analysis time
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and directly detects the tunneling current signal generated by individual microRNA molecules as they pass between electrode pairs. This direct detection approach eliminates the need for intermediate labeling steps and amplification processes, enabling rapid single-molecule analysis
2Measurement precision
If conventional optical measurement technology is used to analyze microRNA base sequences, then base sequence analysis can be performed, but large amounts of reagents are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces optical measurement methods that require fluorescent labels and PCR reagents with electrical tunneling current detection. This substitution eliminates the need for extensive reagent consumption while maintaining the ability to accurately identify base sequences and modifications
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the natural tunneling current property of nucleic acid molecules themselves as the detection signal. The microRNA molecules generate their own detectable signal when passing between electrodes, eliminating the need for external reagents to enhance detectability
3Measurement precision
If nanopore technology is used to analyze polynucleotide base sequences, then direct nucleotide identification is possible, but the system is unstable and has limited pore size selection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical nanopore structure with an electrical tunneling junction formed by electrode pairs. This substitution maintains the ability to detect individual nucleotides through tunneling current while providing superior system stability and flexibility in measurement conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from physical pore geometry (nanopore technology) to electrical tunneling current characteristics. This parameter change enables direct nucleotide identification while providing more stable and controllable measurement conditions through electrical rather than mechanical means
4Measurement precision
If conventional methods are used to analyze microRNA modifications, then modification state can be determined, but the process is time consuming and complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses electrical tunneling current detection to directly identify modification states of microRNA molecules as they pass between electrode pairs. This electrical detection method eliminates the need for time-consuming chemical modification steps and complex multi-step analysis procedures
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables continuous detection of modification states as microRNA molecules continuously pass through the electrode gap. This continuous single-molecule detection approach eliminates the need for batch processing and multiple sequential steps, significantly reducing total analysis time
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the simple, quick, and accurate identification of microRNA base sequences and modifications, allowing for the analysis of conditions such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and psychiatric diseases within a short timeframe.
Implementation Method 1
detecting a tunneling current that is generated when the microRNA passes between the electrode pair
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a method for analyzing a microRNA using a tunneling current. The present disclosure provides a method for identifying the base sequence and/or modification state of a microRNA using a tunneling current, and a system and a program to be used in the method. Furthermore, the present disclosure provides a method for analyzing the conditions of a subject, said method comprising determining the base sequence and/or modification state of a microRNA using a tunneling current. For example, methylation modification can be analyzed thereby.