Digital Microscope Optical System Light Conduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Digital microscopes have limited light conduction values, restricting their suitability for fluorescence microscopy and requiring frequent lens changes, while also facing challenges with infinite space constraints.
Innovation Solution
The optical system enhances light conduction by positioning an aperture between the telescope and tube optics, achieving specific light conduction values and telecentricity, allowing for improved imaging and fluorescent illumination with reduced lens changes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If complicated zoom systems are used for post-enlargement, then the need for lens changes is reduced, but the light conduction value decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The optical system is divided into separate functional modules: objective lens, Kepler telescope for post-enlargement, and tube optics. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently - the objective lens can maintain high light conduction while the telescope provides magnification without compromising the overall light transmission to the sensor.
Solution Approach 2:
The Kepler telescope serves multiple functions: it provides post-enlargement magnification, maintains adequate light conduction values (L≥0.35), and enables the system to work with various objective lenses without requiring frequent lens changes, thus achieving versatility while preserving illumination quality.
2Illumination intensity
If the light conduction value is increased to L≧1.4 for the lens, then fluorescent illumination intensity is improved, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system optimizes the light conduction value parameter of the objective lens to L≧1.4, which significantly enhances fluorescent illumination intensity. This parameter optimization is achieved through careful selection and design of the objective lens characteristics while maintaining overall system manageability through modular architecture.
3Manufacturing precision
If telecentricity is achieved by positioning the aperture at the rear focal point, then image scale stability is improved, but the infinite space is constrained
Solution Approach 1:
The aperture is positioned at the rear focal point of the Kepler telescope, effectively nesting the telecentricity requirement within the telescope structure. This positioning achieves image scale stability (telecentricity) while the telescope's optical design maintains adequate infinite space for illumination and other optical paths.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution increases light conduction, expands infinite space, and maintains image resolution, enabling optimal camera operation and intense fluorescent imaging while minimizing lens changes.
Implementation Method 1
an aperture arranged between the telescope and the tube optics is imaged by means of the telescope in the rear focal point of the lens
Implementation Method 2
A light conduction value (L) of the lens is ≧1.4, A light conduction value (L) of the telescope is ≧0.35
Implementation Method 3
the telescope consists of two collecting optical elements having focal distances f1′ and f2′ and the main element distances H1 and H2
Implementation Method 4
the rear focal point of the first optical element coincides with the front focal point of the second optical element
Implementation Method 5
The light conduction value of the tube optics of at least 0.35 makes it possible to fully utilize the resolution of a digital sensor
Data Source
AI summary
An optical system for digital microscopy having at least one lens, at least one telescope of the Kepler type and tube optics, wherein an aperture is arranged between the telescope and the tube optics, which aperture is imaged by means of the telescope at the rear focal point of the lens and the following conditions are met simultaneously:A light conductance value (L) of the lens is ≧1.4,A light conductance value (L) of the telescope is ≧0.35,A light conductance value (L) of the tube optics is ≧0.35,wherein the equation for the light conductance value (L) isL=A(tan ξ,)where A is the pupil diameter and ξ is the angle of gradient of the pencil of light rays in infinite space, and wherein the microscope magnification (Γ) of the telescope is in the range −⅓≦Γ≦−3.