Microwave Plasma Hydrogen Sulfide Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional synthetic gas desulfurization technologies require multiple processes, high energy consumption, and costly absorbents, with low power generation efficiency due to low-temperature absorption processes, and struggle with the removal of carbonyl sulfide's low water solubility.
Innovation Solution
A hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide removal apparatus using microwave plasma, where synthetic gas is treated at high temperatures to decompose these gases into elemental sulfur and hydrogen/carbon monoxide, simplifying the process and improving efficiency by using a cyclone for separation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional wet refining method is used for hydrogen sulfide removal, then hydrogen sulfide can be absorbed and removed, but carbonyl sulfide cannot be effectively removed due to its low water solubility, requiring additional hydrogenation process
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of the removal mechanism from low-temperature absorption to high-temperature plasma decomposition. This transformation allows both hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide to be decomposed simultaneously in a single process, eliminating the need for separate hydrogenation and absorption steps while maintaining high removal efficiency for both gases
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and removes both sulfur-containing gases (hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide) in one unified plasma treatment process, rather than requiring separate treatment steps for each gas type. This consolidation simplifies the overall process while achieving complete removal of both contaminants
2Quantity of substance
If multiple process steps are used for complete sulfur compound removal, then both hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide can be removed, but facility cost and process complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the removal of hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide into a single plasma decomposition process. Both gases are decomposed simultaneously in one reactor under the same conditions, eliminating the need for separate hydrogenation and absorption towers. This consolidation reduces facility complexity while maintaining complete sulfur compound removal
Solution Approach 2:
The plasma decomposition process serves as a universal treatment method that can handle both hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide with the same mechanism and equipment. This multi-functional approach replaces the need for gas-specific treatment processes, simplifying the overall system while achieving comprehensive sulfur removal
3Quantity of substance
If low-temperature absorption process is used, then absorbent cost is incurred, but power generation efficiency is reduced due to low operating temperature
Solution Approach 1:
The patent fundamentally changes the operating temperature parameter from low-temperature absorption (typically below 50°C) to high-temperature plasma decomposition (thousands of degrees Celsius). This temperature transformation eliminates the need for expensive absorbents while enabling the hot synthetic gas to be directly supplied to gas engines, thereby improving power generation efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces the mechanical/chemical absorption system with a plasma-based thermal decomposition system. This substitution eliminates the need for absorbent materials and their associated costs, while the high-temperature process directly prepares the gas for efficient combustion in gas engines, improving overall energy conversion efficiency
4Temperature
If torch method using arc discharge is used for high temperature plasma, then high temperature can be achieved, but electrode life span is reduced due to high temperature and high current
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the arc discharge method with microwave-induced plasma generation. This substitution eliminates the need for physical electrodes that are subject to high-temperature erosion and current degradation. The microwave field directly generates plasma in the gas phase, achieving the required high temperatures without compromising electrode life span, as no electrodes are involved in the process
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces facility costs, enhances processing efficiency, and prevents device corrosion by eliminating sulfur compounds from combustible gases, allowing for high-temperature synthetic gas supply to gas engines, thereby improving power generation efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
gases of the hydrogen sulfide and the carbonyl sulfide are decomposed into elemental sulfur (S) and hydrogen (H2) by atmospheric plasma
Implementation Method 2
Hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide removal apparatus using microwave plasma
Implementation Method 3
the decomposed elemental sulfur and the decomposed hydrogen are separately collected by a cyclone
Data Source
AI summary
A hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide removal method using microwave plasma comprising a hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide containing mixed-gas supplying step, a microwave supplying step, a plasma flame forming step, a hydrogen sulfide and carbonyl sulfide decomposing step in which hydrogen sulfide and the carbonyl sulfide are dissociated into atomic units, a rebinding step in which atomic units are rebound so that combustible gases are generated, and a separately collecting step in which the gases are separated and then are separately collected.