Microwave Sensor Unit for Non-Invasive Multi-Biomarker Monitoring
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biomarker monitoring technologies are invasive, semi-invasive, or limited to measuring a single biomarker, lacking the capability for non-invasive, real-time, and simultaneous monitoring of multiple biomarkers.
Innovation Solution
A non-invasive, multi-feature electromagnetic radiation transmission device and system using microwave technology, which emits and receives high-frequency signals through a conductive element to measure the dielectric properties of body tissues, enabling real-time monitoring of multiple biomarkers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If invasive or semi-invasive techniques are used for biomarker measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to discomfort and inconvenience
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical/invasive measurement methods (finger-pricking, blood sampling) with electromagnetic field-based microwave sensing. The microwave sensor unit transmits electromagnetic signals through tissue to detect dielectric properties, eliminating physical intrusion while maintaining measurement capability through field-based interaction with biomolecules.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces microwave electromagnetic fields as an intermediary between the measurement system and biomarkers. Instead of direct contact with blood or tissue fluids, the system uses microwave signals that penetrate tissue and interact with water and biomolecules, providing indirect but accurate measurement of glucose and other biomarkers through dielectric property changes.
2Measurement precision
If traditional microwave resonance sensors are used, then measurement capability is improved, but adaptability deteriorates due to limitation to single variable detection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the microwave sensor from a single-function resonance detector into a multi-functional platform capable of simultaneously measuring multiple biomarkers (glucose, lactate, ketones, hydration). The sensor unit analyzes multiple features including amplitude, phase, and frequency across a broad frequency spectrum, enabling comprehensive metabolic monitoring through one device.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from single-point resonance frequency measurement to multi-dimensional signal analysis. Instead of detecting only frequency shifts at a single resonance point, the system measures amplitude, phase, and frequency across a broad frequency spectrum (1-10 GHz), creating a multi-dimensional dielectric spectrum that enables differentiation of multiple biomarkers simultaneously.
3Measurement precision
If resonance frequency analysis is used for microwave sensing, then measurement capability is improved, but device complexity increases due to controlled environment requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent moves from static resonance frequency measurement to dynamic broadband frequency sweeping. The system continuously sweeps through a broad frequency range (1-10 GHz) and captures real-time dielectric spectrum changes, adapting to varying tissue conditions and biomarker concentrations without requiring controlled environmental conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental measurement parameter from single-frequency resonance detection to multi-frequency dielectric spectrum analysis. By measuring multiple parameters (amplitude, phase, frequency) across a broad frequency spectrum, the system extracts more information from each measurement, improving accuracy while reducing sensitivity to environmental variations.
4Productivity
If continuous monitoring is implemented, then productivity is improved, but use of energy increases due to real-time signal transmission
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic frequency sweeping instead of continuous high-power transmission. The microwave sensor unit performs frequency sweeps at optimized intervals, transmitting signals only when measurements are needed rather than continuously, thereby reducing average power consumption while maintaining continuous monitoring capability through rapid sequential measurements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides accurate, non-invasive, and continuous monitoring of multiple biomarkers, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods by using advanced data processing algorithms and AI-based analytics to enhance measurement accuracy and reliability.
Implementation Method 1
transmitting one or more transmission signals, e.g., of high frequency, both through a conductive element of the device and into a body tissue
Implementation Method 2
measuring the propagated energy through and around the conductive element of the device, especially with regard to measuring a portion of that energy that propagates through the dielectric media proximate the conductive element
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein is a non-invasive biometric sensing and monitoring device that may be employed in a non-invasive method with the potential for comprehensive analysis and data processing. The non-invasive biometric sensing and monitoring device may be employed for determining a characteristic of a state of a wearer using the device based on a value of a biomolecule within a body tissue of the user. The device may include a housing for retaining one or more components of the biometric device. The components may may include a substrate, such as a printed circuit board, and may further include one or more of an signal generator, a microwave structure based sensor unit, a filter unit, a receiver component, an analog to digital converter, a control unit, one or more buffers, a communications module and controller as well as an analytics system.