Microwave Transition Curved Surfaces Reduce Electric Field Breakdown

The patent applies curvature principles by replacing sharp corners and small-radius connections with large-radius curved surfaces. The transition piece features curved connection surfaces with radii of curvature significantly larger than conventional designs, which distributes the electric field more evenly and prevents concentration at sharp edges, thereby increasing breakdown resistance while maintaining compact structure.

The patent changes the geometric parameters of the transition piece, specifically increasing the radii of curvature of the connection surfaces from conventional small values to large values (e.g., R1 and R2 both greater than 5mm). This parameter change fundamentally alters the electric field distribution, reducing peak field strength and enabling higher RF power transmission without breakdown.

The patent converts the previously harmful effect of electric field concentration into a benefit by using large-radius curvature to eliminate the root cause of breakdown. This allows the use of benign gases like air or nitrogen instead of SF6, transforming the situation where the only way to achieve high breakdown resistance was through harmful chemicals into a situation where geometry alone provides sufficient protection.

By creating a geometric environment that inherently resists breakdown through large-radius curved surfaces, the patent enables the use of inert or environmentally friendly atmospheric gases (air, nitrogen) instead of requiring SF6. The geometric design creates a benign electromagnetic environment that prevents ionization and breakdown even with less resistant gases.