Millimeter-Wave Camera Position Redirection for Concealed-Weapon Imaging
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing security screening technologies, such as metal detectors and x-ray systems, require close proximity to the subject and are limited in their ability to detect concealed weapons without invading personal space, and hand-held detectors can only scan one person at a time, making them inefficient for large groups.
Innovation Solution
A hand-held or stand-alone millimeter wavelength (MMW) camera system comprising a matrix of single pixel MMW detectors with analog to digital converters and digital output channels, configured to receive, convert, and transmit MMW waves, and utilize a matrix of MMW detectors arranged in a three-dimensional convex curve or an array with angled lines-of-sight to capture and stitch together MMW sub-images for a comprehensive view.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If hand-held metal detectors are used to detect concealed weapons, then detection capability is provided, but only one person can be scanned at a time and close proximity is required
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the detection function into multiple parallel detectors arranged in a matrix array, where each detector independently scans a specific zone. This segmentation allows simultaneous scanning of multiple persons through parallel processing, dramatically increasing throughput while maintaining simple hand-held operation for each individual detector unit.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from single-point detection to distributed spatial detection by arranging detectors in a three-dimensional matrix configuration. This dimensional expansion enables the system to scan multiple persons simultaneously at different spatial locations, resolving the throughput limitation while preserving ease of operation through automated multi-point monitoring.
2Reliability
If X-ray systems are used for security screening, then concealed weapons can be detected, but undesirable health impact has been shown and close proximity is required
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces ionizing radiation (X-rays) with non-ionizing millimeter wave electromagnetic radiation for detection. This substitution maintains detection capability for concealed weapons while eliminating the harmful health effects associated with X-ray exposure, achieving both reliability and safety through different physical detection mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from ionizing radiation to non-ionizing millimeter waves. This parameter transformation preserves the ability to detect concealed weapons through electromagnetic radiation interaction with materials, while fundamentally altering the radiation type to eliminate harmful health effects.
3Measurement precision
If metal detectors require close proximity to detect items, then detection sensitivity is achieved, but personal space is invaded and scanning efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The detection function is segmented across multiple spatially distributed detectors, each maintaining optimal detection sensitivity for its specific zone while collectively providing coverage over a larger area. This allows persons to be scanned at a distance without requiring close proximity to any single detector, reducing personal space invasion.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary processing system that receives signals from multiple distributed detectors and integrates them to form a comprehensive detection picture. This intermediary architecture enables distant scanning while maintaining detection sensitivity through coordinated operation of multiple detectors, eliminating the need for close proximity to the scanning device.
4Adaptability or versatility
If a matrix of MMW detectors is arranged in a three-dimensional convex curve, then comprehensive coverage is achieved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The complex three-dimensional convex curve arrangement is segmented into multiple standardized detector units, each with identical structure and function. This segmentation simplifies manufacturing and assembly while achieving comprehensive coverage through the coordinated arrangement of simple, modular units rather than a complex monolithic structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient detection of concealed weapons by penetrating clothing and bags without physical contact, allowing for rapid scanning of multiple individuals simultaneously and providing a detailed, stitched MMW image overlayed on an optical image for enhanced security screening.
Implementation Method 1
a MMW receiving aperture configured to receive MMWs emitted from a target
Data Source
AI summary
A millimeter wave (MMW) display arrangement is envisioned to comprise a MMW camera that has an array of single pixel MMW detectors that capture MMWs and pipe MMW intensity data, of the captured MMWs, to a display screen where an MMW picture is assembled from a plurality of MMW sub-images from different portions of a scene scanned by the MMW camera. Each of the MMW sub-images comprise a plurality of contrast cells each of which are produced from a corresponding single pixel MMW detector. The MMW camera constructs the MMW picture by changing perspectives of the scene by way of either moving the camera or by shifting positions of a mirror between the camera and scene.