Mine Strata Anchor Plate With Load-Spreading Devices
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional means for attaching bulkheads to mine strata are inadequate to withstand the high pressures generated by a mine explosion, leading to potential failure of the safe room attachment.
Innovation Solution
A high-strength anchor system comprising an anchor plate secured to the mine strata with load-spreading devices that distribute shear loads over larger areas, ensuring secure attachment of bulkhead supports to the strata.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional means are used to attach the bulkhead to the mine strata, then the attachment method is simple, but the attachment cannot withstand the high pressures generated by a mine explosion
Solution Approach 1:
The anchor system is divided into multiple components: anchor bolts, load-spreading devices, and anchor plates. Each component performs a specific function - anchor bolts provide initial attachment, load-spreading devices distribute the explosion loads, and anchor plates provide a mounting surface. This segmentation allows the system to achieve high strength while maintaining reasonable complexity through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The load-spreading devices extend the load distribution from a point contact (anchor bolt) to a distributed area contact across the mine strata. By transitioning from one-dimensional bolt attachment to two-dimensional area distribution, the system dramatically increases attachment strength to withstand explosion pressures.
2Strength
If anchor bolts are used alone to secure the bulkhead, then the installation is simple, but the shear loads cannot be distributed over larger areas of the mine strata
Solution Approach 1:
The load-spreading devices act as intermediaries between the anchor bolts and the mine strata. They receive the shear loads from the anchor bolts and distribute them over a larger area of the mine strata. This intermediary component resolves the contradiction by enabling area distribution without requiring a complete redesign of the anchoring system.
Solution Approach 2:
The system merges the functions of anchor bolts (providing secure attachment) with load-spreading devices (distributing shear loads). By combining these two elements into an integrated anchor system, the solution achieves both simple installation procedures and superior load distribution capability.
3Reliability
If the anchor plate is secured with multiple anchor bolts, then the attachment strength increases, but the number of components and installation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The anchor plates serve multiple functions: they provide a mounting surface for the bulkhead, distribute loads from multiple anchor bolts, and serve as a structural element that ties the entire anchor system together. This multi-functionality increases reliability while minimizing the need for additional components, thereby maintaining installation ease.
Data Source
AI summary
A high-strength anchor system for anchoring a support to mine strata is disclosed. The system includes an anchor plate and a connecting member on the anchor plate for connection of the support to the anchor plate. Anchor bolts extend through bolt holes in the anchor plate into bore holes in the mine strata. Load-spreading devices extend from respective bolt holes in the anchor plate into the bore holes. The load-spreading devices have outside diameters larger than outside diameters of the anchor bolts for spreading shear loads exerted on the anchor bolts over larger areas of the mine strata. A method of installing such a system and a safe room bulkhead using such a system are also disclosed.