miRNA Biomarker Panel for Non-Invasive EOCRC Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current screening methods for early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) are invasive, costly, and lack adequate diagnostic performance, particularly for non-invasive tests, necessitating the development of robust, non-invasive biomarkers for timely detection and intervention.
Innovation Solution
Utilization of specific microRNAs (miR-513a-5p, miR-628-3p, miR-193a-5p, miR-210, miR-4304, miR-194-3p, miR-4453) for detecting elevated expression levels in biological samples to diagnose, treat, and monitor EOCRC through methods including anti-cancer agents, radiation therapy, image-based screening, and surgical removal of colon portions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional colonoscopy is used for CRC screening in younger individuals, then detection capability is improved, but invasiveness and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical colonoscopy system with a molecular diagnostic system that detects miRNA biomarkers in blood samples. This substitution eliminates the need for invasive mechanical examination while maintaining high detection capability for early-onset colorectal cancer through non-invasive liquid biopsy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses miRNA molecules as intermediary biomarkers that mediate between the cancerous cells in the colon and the diagnostic test in the blood. These miRNAs serve as messengers that carry cancer information from the primary site to the circulatory system, enabling indirect detection without direct tissue examination.
2Measurement precision
If conventional colonoscopy is used for CRC screening, then diagnostic accuracy is improved, but cost and patient burden increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the cumbersome mechanical colonoscopy procedure with a simple blood draw and molecular analysis test. This substitution dramatically reduces patient burden by eliminating the need for bowel preparation, sedation, and procedural recovery while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy through sensitive miRNA detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and analyzes specific miRNA molecules from blood samples, separating the diagnostic information from the complex biological matrix. This extraction approach allows for highly precise detection of cancer biomarkers without requiring the patient to undergo the full colonoscopy procedure.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If current non-invasive fecal and blood tests are used for CRC screening, then non-invasiveness is improved, but diagnostic performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the detection parameter from generic fecal occult blood or protein markers to specific miRNA molecular signatures. This parameter change enables the non-invasive blood test to achieve cancer-specific diagnostic performance by detecting the unique molecular fingerprint of colorectal cancer cells in circulating miRNAs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a molecular copy of cancer information through miRNA molecules that replicate the genetic and epigenetic characteristics of the original tumor. These miRNA copies in the blood preserve the diagnostic signature of the cancer without requiring direct sampling of the tumor tissue.
4Loss of time
If screening is performed at younger ages to capture EOCRC, then early detection is improved, but number of false positives and unnecessary procedures increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses miRNA molecular copies that faithfully replicate the genetic and epigenetic profile of colorectal cancer cells. This high-fidelity copying enables precise differentiation between true cancer cases and benign conditions, reducing false positives while maintaining early detection capability in younger populations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where miRNA expression patterns are analyzed to provide diagnostic confirmation before proceeding to treatment. This feedback loop allows for verification of positive findings and adjustment of screening intensity, reducing unnecessary procedures while maintaining high sensitivity for early-onset cancer detection.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein, inter alia, are methods of treating colorectal cancer, diagnosing colorectal cancer, and monitoring colorectal cancer using biomarkers, such as miRNA, such as miR-513a-5p, miR-628-3p, miR-193a-5p, miR-210, miR-4304, miR-194-3p, miR-4453, or a combination of two or more thereof.