miRNA Biomarker Detection in Hematological Malignancy Diagnosis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for diagnosing, predicting, and treating hematological malignancies are inadequate, particularly in accurately identifying the stage and effectiveness of treatments for conditions like multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Innovation Solution
The use of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) expressed in circulating exosomes or peripheral blood to determine the likelihood of hematological malignancies, their stages, and the effectiveness of treatments, involving the identification of altered miRNA levels in biological samples to guide treatment decisions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If existing diagnostic methods are used for hematological malignancies, then diagnosis can be performed, but measurement precision and reliability are inadequate for accurate staging and treatment effectiveness determination
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the diagnostic parameter from conventional markers to microRNA expression levels. Specifically, it measures the expression levels of miR-155 and other microRNAs in circulating exosomes or peripheral blood, which provides more precise and reliable information for diagnosing hematological malignancies, determining their stages, and assessing treatment effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses circulating exosomes as an intermediary to detect microRNA expression. The exosomes serve as a mediator that carries microRNAs from the disease site to the diagnostic system, enabling non-invasive detection of disease state and treatment response through blood samples.
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional treatment selection methods are used, then treatment can be administered, but the ability to select suitable therapies and monitor response is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism by continuously monitoring microRNA expression levels before, during, and after treatment. The changes in microRNA levels provide real-time feedback on treatment effectiveness, allowing clinicians to adjust therapy accordingly. This enables adaptive treatment selection and optimization based on individual patient response.
Data Source
AI summary
This invention is based, at least in part, on the finding that certain microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed at higher or lower levels in circulating exosonies or peripheral blood of subjects with hematological malignancies compared to the level of expression in subjects who do not have the hematological malignancy. In addition, this invention is based, at least in part, on the finding that certain miRNAs are differentially expressed at different stages of a hematological malignancy permitting identification of the stage of the hematological malignancy in a subject. The differential expression of miRNAs at different stages of a hematological malignancy also permits determination of the effectiveness of treatments administered to a subject at the particular stage of the hematological malignancy.