Mitral Prosthetic Valve Anchoring for Minimally Invasive Replacement
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for minimally invasive techniques to replace the mitral valve, as existing catheter-based procedures are not applicable due to the distinct differences between the aortic and mitral valves, particularly the complex subvalvular apparatus of the mitral valve, limiting treatment options for high-risk patients.
Innovation Solution
A prosthetic apparatus for the mitral valve region that is radially compressible and self-expandable, utilizing ventricular anchors to secure the prosthetic valve within the native mitral valve annulus, and an atrial sealing member to prevent paravalvular leakage, with delivery systems enabling minimally invasive implantation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If open heart surgery is performed for mitral valve replacement, then complete valve replacement can be achieved, but the procedure is highly invasive and prone to complications
Solution Approach 1:
The mitral valve replacement system is divided into separate components: a catheter-based delivery system, an expandable valve frame, and native leaflet integration mechanisms. This allows the valve to be delivered through a minimally invasive transvascular approach rather than requiring open heart surgery, while still achieving complete valve replacement functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses the native mitral valve leaflets as an intermediary structure to facilitate attachment and integration of the prosthetic valve. The leaflets serve as a natural bridge between the native valve anatomy and the artificial valve, enabling secure attachment without requiring extensive surgical intervention
2Object-affected harmful factors
If catheter-based procedures are used for mitral valve replacement, then invasiveness is reduced, but the procedure is not applicable due to complex subvalvular apparatus
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different functional characteristics to different parts of the valve system: the frame provides structural support and expandability, the leaflets provide natural attachment points, and the anchoring mechanisms provide secure fixation. This localized functional differentiation allows the system to adapt to the complex mitral valve anatomy while maintaining minimally invasive delivery
Solution Approach 2:
The native mitral valve leaflets are utilized in advance as attachment structures before the prosthetic valve is fully deployed. This preliminary use of native anatomy simplifies the implantation process and increases adaptability to the specific mitral valve geometry
3Reliability
If traditional valve anchoring methods are used, then secure fixation can be achieved, but paravalvular leakage occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple anchoring mechanisms into a unified system: radial expansion of the frame against the annulus, attachment to native leaflets, and potential tissue ingrowth promotion. This multi-modal anchoring approach simultaneously achieves secure fixation and seals the interface between the prosthetic and native valve, preventing paravalvular leakage
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The prosthetic apparatus effectively secures the valve in the mitral valve annulus, remodels the left ventricle, and reduces paravalvular leakage, providing a viable minimally invasive treatment option for mitral valve replacement.
Implementation Method 1
a main body that is radially compressible to a radially compressed state and self-expandable from the compressed state to a radially expanded state
Implementation Method 2
self-expandable from the compressed state to a radially expanded state
Implementation Method 3
the space decreases to capture the leaflet between the main body and the ventricular anchor
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~4A
Figure 4B~4D
AI summary
Embodiments of prosthetic valves for implantation within a native mitral valve are provided. A preferred embodiment of a prosthetic valve includes a radially compressible main body and a one-way valve portion. The prosthetic valve further comprises at least one ventricular anchor coupled to the main body and disposed outside of the main body. A space is provided between an outer surface of the main body and the ventricular anchor for receiving a native mitral valve leaflet. The prosthetic valve preferably includes an atrial sealing member adapted for placement above the annulus of the mitral valve. Methods and devices for delivering and implanting the prosthetic valve are also described.