Prosthetic Mitral Valve Anchoring With Expandable Flange and Protrusions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional open-chest surgery for implanting artificial heart valves is risky and invasive, leading to high mortality rates, especially for frail patients, while percutaneous methods face challenges in achieving a secure and effective implantation.
Innovation Solution
A radially collapsible and expandable prosthetic valve frame with flanges and struts, made of materials like MP35N alloy or nitinol, that can be delivered via catheter and expand to securely anchor at the native mitral valve annulus, using a delivery system to minimize tissue trauma and ensure proper positioning.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If open-chest surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is used to implant artificial heart valves, then the valve can be securely implanted, but the patient faces high mortality risk and increased surgical trauma
Solution Approach 1:
A delivery catheter serves as an intermediary device to transport the compressed prosthetic valve from the percutaneous access site to the target valve annulus, enabling implantation without open-chest surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass. The catheter system allows the valve to be delivered through the femoral artery or other percutaneous access points, eliminating the need for direct surgical exposure of the heart.
Solution Approach 2:
The prosthetic valve is compressed into a small profile and nested within the delivery catheter for transport through the vascular system. The valve frame is collapsed to a compact configuration that fits within the catheter lumen, allowing percutaneous delivery while maintaining the ability to expand to full size at the implantation site.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If percutaneous catheterization is used to implant prosthetic valves, then surgical trauma is reduced, but achieving secure and effective implantation becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The valve frame is designed with dynamic collapsibility and expandability, transitioning from a compressed state during delivery to an expanded state at the implantation site. This dynamic transformation enables the valve to achieve secure anchoring and effective function while being delivered through a small percutaneous access point, resolving the contradiction between minimally invasive delivery and secure implantation.
Solution Approach 2:
The valve frame undergoes parameter changes in its radial dimension, collapsing to a small diameter for delivery and expanding to a larger diameter for implantation. This parameter transformation allows the same device to serve both percutaneous delivery requirements and secure anchoring requirements at the target site.
3Reliability
If a radially expandable frame with flanges is used to anchor at the mitral valve annulus, then secure implantation is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The valve frame is segmented into multiple radial struts that can collapse independently, allowing the complex anchor structure to be compressed into a compact configuration for delivery. The segmentation enables the frame to maintain its anchoring capability when expanded while being deliverable through percutaneous access in a compressed state.
Solution Approach 2:
The frame structure is designed as a dynamic, collapsible lattice that transforms from a complex expanded configuration for anchoring to a compact collapsed configuration for delivery. This dynamic design allows the same structure to serve both secure anchoring and minimally invasive delivery requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The frame provides a secure, minimally invasive implantation method that reduces surgical risks and trauma, ensuring effective valve function and seal, with reduced material usage for improved structural integrity and lower profile delivery.
Implementation Method 1
A radially collapsible and expandable prosthetic valve frame with flanges and struts, made of materials like MP35N alloy or nitinol, that can be delivered via catheter and expand to securely anchor
Data Source
AI summary
Methods of implanting a prosthetic valve including an annular body, a radially extendable atrial flange, and radially extendable ventricular protrusions. The prosthetic valve further includes a valve member supported by the annular body. The prosthetic valve can be implanted in a native heart valve utilizing a delivery apparatus that includes first and second capsule portions for retaining the prosthetic valve in a radially compressed state. The method of implanting the prosthetic valve includes deploying the ventricular protrusions while the annular body and the atrial flange are retained in the radially compressed state, retracting the delivery apparatus to engage the ventricular protrusions with native leaflets on a ventricular side of the native heart valve, deploying the atrial flange on an atrial side of the native heart valve, and radially expanding the annular body within the native heart valve.