Transcatheter Mitral Valve Prosthesis with Perpendicular Anchors
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current percutaneous mitral valve replacement devices face challenges in accommodating the unique structural requirements of the mitral valve, particularly in providing effective radial support and sealing within the heart, which can lead to issues like stenosis and insufficiency.
Innovation Solution
A transcatheter valve prosthesis with a self-expanding frame and prosthetic valve component, featuring a planar valve receiving portion and perpendicular anchors, is designed for deployment within the mitral valve, secured by barbs to ensure proper positioning and sealing, allowing for minimal interference with the native anatomy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a percutaneous valve replacement device is used, then the invasiveness of the procedure is reduced, but the ability to provide adequate radial support and sealing is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The valve prosthesis is divided into distinct functional segments: a self-expanding frame structure, a valve component with leaflets, and separate anchoring mechanisms. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently for its specific function while being delivered through a catheter-based system, resolving the contradiction between minimally invasive delivery and adequate radial support provision
Solution Approach 2:
The valve prosthesis is nested within a delivery catheter system for minimally invasive percutaneous delivery. The self-expanding frame contains the valve component, which in turn contains the leaflets. This nested configuration enables the entire valve replacement system to be delivered through a catheter, maintaining low invasiveness while ensuring proper deployment and sealing capability
2Strength
If the valve prosthesis is designed with a self-expanding frame, then radial support is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The frame is designed with self-expanding properties using shape memory materials that automatically expand to their predetermined configuration upon deployment from the catheter. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for complex external expansion mechanisms or manual manipulation, providing adequate radial support while keeping the device relatively simple
Solution Approach 2:
The frame material exhibits parameter changes through shape memory effects, transitioning from a compressed state during delivery to an expanded state upon deployment. This parameter change enables the frame to provide adequate radial support after implantation while maintaining a compact, simple configuration during delivery through the catheter
3Reliability
If anchors are oriented perpendicular to the valve receiving portion, then sealing capability is improved, but the interference with native anatomy increases
Solution Approach 1:
The anchors are strategically positioned and oriented perpendicular to the valve receiving portion only at specific locations where sealing is most critical. This localized approach provides enhanced sealing capability at key interfaces while minimizing interference with the overall native anatomy and allowing natural blood flow patterns elsewhere
4Stability of the object's composition
If barbs are used to secure the valve prosthesis, then positioning stability is improved, but the risk of tissue damage increases
Solution Approach 1:
The barbs are designed to engage partially with the native tissue, providing sufficient anchoring force to ensure positioning stability without excessive penetration or engagement that would cause tissue damage. The partial engagement is adequate to secure the valve prosthesis in place while minimizing harmful effects on surrounding tissue
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient and minimally invasive mitral valve replacement with improved radial support and sealing, reducing the risk of stenosis and insufficiency, while maintaining low ventricular profile and minimizing blood flow interruption during deployment.
Implementation Method 1
a self-expanding frame... Once the prosthetic valve is positioned at the treatment site, for instance within an incompetent native or previously implanted prosthetic valve, the stent structure may be expanded to hold the prosthetic valve firmly in place
Implementation Method 2
secured by barbs to ensure proper positioning and sealing
Data Source
AI summary
A transcatheter valve prosthesis is disclosed that has a compressed, delivery configuration and an expanded configuration for deployment within a native heart valve. The valve prosthesis includes a self-expanding frame and a prosthetic valve component. The self-expanding frame includes a valve receiving portion defining an opening therethrough and first and second anchors at opposing ends of the valve receiving portion. The valve receiving portion is substantially planar and the first and second anchors are oriented substantially perpendicular to the valve receiving portion when the valve prosthesis is in the expanded configuration. The prosthetic valve component is disposed within the opening of the valve receiving portion and secured thereto.