High Frequency Mixer Phase Shift Circuits Impedance Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional high frequency mixers with 90-degree hybrid circuits experience impedance mismatch between the hybrid circuit and diodes, leading to increased conversion loss when operating as reception or transmission mixers.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating first and second phase shift circuits to achieve impedance matching and phase shifting between the 90-degree hybrid circuit terminals and nonlinear elements, specifically shifting phases by 180 degrees and 90 degrees respectively to align with the diodes' characteristics.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If conventional high frequency mixer uses direct connection between 90-degree hybrid circuit and diodes, then device complexity is reduced, but impedance mismatch increases leading to higher conversion loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces phase shift circuits as intermediary components between the 90-degree hybrid circuit and the diodes. These phase shift circuits serve as mediators that simultaneously achieve impedance matching and phase shifting functions, resolving the impedance mismatch problem while enabling proper signal phase relationships for the mixer operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the electrical parameters (impedance and phase) of the signal path by incorporating phase shift circuits with specific impedance values and phase shift characteristics. This parameter transformation enables impedance matching between the hybrid circuit and diodes while achieving the required phase relationships, thereby reducing conversion loss.
2Loss of energy
If phase shift circuits are added for impedance matching, then conversion loss is reduced, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple functions into the phase shift circuits: they simultaneously provide impedance matching and phase shifting operations. By merging these functions into single components rather than using separate circuits for each function, the overall device complexity is minimized while still achieving the desired performance improvements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration reduces conversion loss of radio waves by eliminating impedance mismatch and optimizing power transfer between the hybrid circuit and nonlinear elements.
Implementation Method 1
a first phase shift circuit converting impedance to achieve impedance matching between the third terminal of the 90-degree hybrid circuit and a first terminal of a first nonlinear element, and shifting a phase of a radio wave by 180 degrees; and a second phase shift circuit converting impedance to achieve impedance matching between the fourth terminal of the 90-degree hybrid circuit and a second terminal of a second nonlinear element, and shifting a phase of a radio wave by 90 degrees
Data Source
AI summary
A first phase shift circuit (2) converts impedance to achieve impedance matching between a third terminal (1c) of a 90-degree hybrid circuit (1) and a first terminal (4a) of a first nonlinear element (4), and shifts a phase of a radio wave by 180 degrees, and a second phase shift circuit (3) converts impedance to achieve impedance matching between a fourth terminal (1d) of the 90-degree hybrid circuit (1) and a first terminal (5a) of a second nonlinear element (5), and shifts a phase of a radio wave by 90 degrees. As a result of this configuration, a conversion loss of radio waves can be reduced.