Multi-Link Device Anchor Link Switching for WLAN Load Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
In wireless local area networks (WLANs), especially in the context of the emerging extreme high throughput (EHT) standard, there is a need for efficient load balancing across multiple links to maintain high throughput and data rates.
Innovation Solution
A multi-link device (MLD) operates on multiple links, transmitting request frames to gather information on available links and their usage. Based on this information, the MLD can request to switch the anchor link to optimize load distribution and maintain connectivity with an access point.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a device designates one or more links as anchor link in multi-link operation, then management frame exchange and control functions are enabled, but the anchor link produces greater load compared to non-anchor links
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic anchor link switching capability, allowing the system to change which link serves as the anchor link based on current network conditions and load. This resolves the contradiction by making the anchor link designation flexible rather than static, enabling the system to maintain management frame exchange reliability while adapting load distribution to current conditions across multiple links
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the operational parameters of links by switching which link serves as the anchor link. This parameter change allows the system to adjust the role and load characteristics of individual links dynamically, resolving the contradiction between maintaining reliable management frame exchange and achieving balanced load distribution across the multi-link system
2Productivity
If the anchor link is switched to balance load, then load distribution across links is improved, but connection stability with access point may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates feedback mechanisms where devices exchange information about link conditions, usage patterns, and anchor link performance. This feedback enables informed decisions about when and how to switch anchor links, allowing the system to achieve load balancing while maintaining connection stability by selecting switch targets based on current network state and historical performance data
3Productivity
If multiple links operate simultaneously for high throughput, then data rate increases, but complexity of managing multiple links and anchor link switching increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service mechanisms where multi-link devices autonomously monitor link conditions, evaluate anchor link performance, and perform anchor link switching without requiring complex centralized coordination. This self-service approach reduces management complexity while maintaining high throughput by enabling devices to independently optimize their multi-link operation based on local observations and exchanged information
Data Source
AI summary
According to various embodiments, a multi-link device (MLD) operating in a plurality of links may transmit a first request frame for requesting information on the plurality of links. The multi-link device may receive a first response frame on the basis of the first request frame. The first response frame may include information on a ratio of stations (STAs) using a first link as an anchor link, and information on a ratio of STAs using a second link as an anchor link.