ML Infringement Prediction via Feature Embeddings

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods for evaluating intellectual property infringement in online marketplaces are manual and inefficient, leading to delays in identifying and addressing potential infringements, which can result in unauthorized products remaining available for sale.

Innovation Solution

A machine learning-based system that determines intellectual property infringement by generating feature-embedding vectors from textual and imagery data of listing items, using a trained model to predict infringement and automatically take down infringing listings, thereby reducing manual intervention and increasing response speed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If manual evaluation of infringement requests is used, then accuracy of infringement determination is maintained, but processing time and efficiency deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of infringement determinationVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a machine learning model as an intermediary between the listing item and the infringement determination. The model processes feature embeddings of listing items and genuine items to predict infringement probability, serving as an automated mediator that handles the evaluation task with both speed and accuracy, resolving the contradiction between manual accuracy and automated speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces the manual mechanical evaluation process with an automated machine learning system. The ML model substitutes human evaluators by processing item features, comparing embeddings, and generating infringement predictions automatically, thereby eliminating the time loss associated with manual evaluation while maintaining determination accuracy through algorithmic precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If manual evaluation of infringement requests is used, then thorough assessment is achieved, but productivity deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethoroughness of assessmentVSAvoidprocessing capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The machine learning model acts as an intermediary that performs thorough automated assessment by analyzing multiple features of listing items and genuine items simultaneously. It processes text, images, and metadata through embedding comparisons to ensure comprehensive evaluation, while its automated nature enables high productivity by handling numerous requests in parallel without human intervention limits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates feature embeddings as digital copies of listing item characteristics (text, images, metadata). These embeddings serve as simplified representations that capture essential features for comparison with genuine items, enabling thorough assessment through computational analysis while maintaining high processing capacity through efficient data representation and comparison algorithms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Productivity

If automated machine learning system is implemented, then processing speed and productivity are improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing capacityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the infringement detection system into distinct functional modules: feature extraction components for text and images, embedding generation modules, comparison mechanisms, and prediction output. This segmentation allows each component to be developed and optimized independently, managing system complexity while enabling high processing capacity through modular parallel processing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The machine learning model serves as an intermediary layer that manages system complexity by encapsulating complex algorithms within a unified prediction interface. The model handles the computational complexity of feature comparison and infringement determination internally, presenting a simplified output to the marketplace system, thereby maintaining productivity while managing complexity through abstraction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Loss of time

If automated machine learning system is implemented, then response time is reduced, but automation extent increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse timeVSAvoidlevel of manual intervention
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of timeVSExtent of automation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements self-service automation where the machine learning system independently performs feature extraction, embedding generation, comparison, and infringement prediction without human intervention. The automated system serves itself by processing listing items through the complete evaluation pipeline, reducing response time to near-real-time while maintaining high automation levels through autonomous decision-making capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces manual mechanical evaluation with automated computational processes. The machine learning system substitutes human reviewers by performing all assessment tasks algorithmically, achieving rapid response times through automated processing while maintaining appropriate automation levels by designating the ML system as the primary decision-maker with configurable intervention thresholds.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Data Source

PatentUS20240257281A1System and method for predicting intellectual property infringement
Publication Date: 2024.08.01 WALMART APOLLO LLC
  • US20240257281A1 patent drawing
  • US20240257281A1 patent drawing
  • US20240257281A1 patent drawing

AI summary

A computer-implemented method including determining a feature-embedding vector for a listing item based on textual feature data and imagery feature data for the listing item. The method also can include determining, via a machine learning module, an intellectual property infringement prediction associated with a genuine item based on a feature-embedding vector for the genuine item and the feature-embedding vector for the listing item. Furthermore, the method can include upon determining that the intellectual property infringement prediction is positive, causing a take-down of the listing item from a retailer platform. Other embodiments are described.