Binary MLC Per-Leaf Field Width for Beam Conformality

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional binary multileaf collimator (MLC) systems are limited in conforming radiation treatment beam fields to target regions with non-uniform shapes, particularly along the length, due to constant superior-inferior field width, which restricts field sizes to less than 5cm and increases radiation exposure to non-target regions.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of a high-speed MLC, such as an electromagnetic MLC, that allows for dynamic leaf motion to modulate fluence not only in the IEC-Xb direction but also in the IEC-Yb direction and longitudinally, enabling larger field sizes and more precise conformality to target profiles while minimizing exposure to non-target areas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If conventional binary MLC systems use constant superior-inferior field width, then device simplicity is maintained, but field size is limited to less than 5cm and conformality to non-uniform target regions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveMLC system structureVSAvoidbeam field conformality
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from constant field width to variable field width. The MLC system dynamically adjusts the superior-inferior field width along the longitudinal direction, allowing each leaf pair to operate at different widths. This dynamic adjustment enables the beam field to conform to non-uniform target regions while maintaining binary MLC system simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements local quality by allowing different portions of the MLC to have different field widths. Each leaf pair can be independently configured with its own superior-inferior field width, enabling local optimization of beam conformality to match the specific geometry of target regions at different locations along the treatment volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Ease of operation

If conventional binary MLC systems maintain constant field width, then operational simplicity is preserved, but treatment efficiency deteriorates due to limited field sizes requiring multiple smaller fields

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveMLC operation simplicityVSAvoidtreatment efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system maintains operational simplicity through automated dynamic adjustment. The MLC controller automatically varies the field width along the longitudinal direction without requiring complex manual intervention, preserving ease of operation while enabling larger field sizes that improve treatment efficiency by reducing the number of fields needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the field width parameter dynamically along the longitudinal direction. By varying this key parameter, the system achieves larger effective field sizes and improved treatment efficiency while maintaining binary MLC operational simplicity through automated parameter control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If conventional binary MLC systems use fixed field width, then system reliability is maintained, but radiation exposure to non-target regions increases due to inability to conform to complex target shapes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem stabilityVSAvoidradiation exposure to non-target regions
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent reduces radiation exposure to non-target regions by applying local quality principles. Each leaf pair is configured with its own optimized field width, allowing the beam to precisely conform to the target region's geometry at each location. This local optimization minimizes radiation spillage into surrounding healthy tissues while maintaining system reliability through controlled binary operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The dynamic adjustment of field width along the longitudinal direction enables the system to adapt to complex target shapes, improving conformality and reducing radiation exposure to non-target regions. The binary MLC system maintains reliability through automated dynamic control that precisely manages beam geometry throughout the treatment volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enables the MLC to effectively shape radiation beams to conform to complex target regions, allowing for larger field sizes, faster treatment times, and more opportunities for intensity modulation, thereby reducing radiation exposure to non-target areas and improving treatment efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

The implementation of a high-speed MLC, such as an electromagnetic MLC, that allows for dynamic leaf motion

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic force: Lorentz Force

Data Source

PatentEP3833432B1Binary multileaf collimator delivery with per-leaf field width
Publication Date: 2024.10.23 ACCURAY INC
  • EP3833432B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3833432B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3833432B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

A radiation treatment delivery system, includes a linear accelerator (LINAC) and a multileaf collimator (MLC), coupled with the distal end of the LINAC, wherein the MLC has two banks of leaves, organized into a plurality of opposing leaf pairs. The system further includes a processing device, operatively coupled to the LINAC and the MLC, to control the plurality of leaf pairs of the MLC such that for each of a plurality of radiation beam delivery positional sections corresponds to a range of radiation beam positions over a discrete time interval, wherein each leaf pair of the plurality of opposing leaf pairs is open to a fixed opening for a fraction of time in the discrete time interval and closed for the remaining fraction of time in the discrete time interval, while a radiation beam of the radiation treatment system is active.